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AVl  KY  ARCHITIX  lURAL  AND  KiNi;  AR  IS  IJBRARY 
(ill  loi  Si  YMoi  R  B.  DiKsi  Oi  1)  York  Library 


THE  DEDICATION  OF  THE 
STATUE  OF  JOAN  OF  ARC 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2013 


http://archive.org/details/dedicationofstatOOkunz 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue,  New  York  City. 


THE   DEDICATION    OF  THE 

STATUE   OF   JOAN  OF  ARC 

IN   THE    CITY   OF   NEW   YORK 
ON  THE  6th  of  DECEMBER,  1915 


By 

GEORGE    FREDERICK   KUNZ,  Ph.   D.,   Sc.    D. 

President  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee 

The  American  Scenic  &  Historic  Preservation  Society 

Etc. 


Reprinted  with  Extra  Illustrations 

From  the  Twenty-First  Annual  Report  of 

The  American  Scenic  &  Historic  Preservation  Society 


NEW  YORK.  N.  Y. 
1916 


OffSlTL 

r-' 


CONTENTS 


Chapter  I. 

Page 

Preliminaries 7 

The  Committee  and  its  personnel,  7  —  Cooperation  and  advice,  9  — 

Joan  of  Arc  loan  exhibition,  13  —  Breaking  of  the  ground.  13. 

Chapter  II. 

The  Mo>'umext 14 

The  equestrian  statue,  14  —  Notes  on  the  armor  by  Dr.  Bashford 
Dean,  14  —  The  pedestal,  19 — Castle  stones  in  the  pedestal,  20  — 
Petrographic  description  of  the  castle  stones,  23  —  Stone  from 
Rheims  cathedral,  24  —  Other  mementoes  in  the  pedestal,  25  — 
Letters  from  President  Wilson  and  others,  29. 

Chapter  III. 

Dedication  of  the  ^Ionumext 33 

The  assemblage,  33  —  Address  of  welcome  by  Dr.  George  Frederick 
Kunz,  34  —  Address  and  invocation  by  Very  Rev.  Theophile 
Wucher,  37  —  Presentation  address  by  J.  Sanford  Saltus,  39  — 
Unveiling  of  the  statue,  39  —  Acceptance  by  Hon.  Cabot  Ward, 
39  —  Congratulations  by  President  Wilson  and  others,  41  — 
Address  by  His  Excellency  Jean  J.  Jusserand.  42  —  Decoration  of 
Mr.  Saltus  and  Miss  Hyatt,  45  —  Address  by  Hon.  Robert  W.  de 
Forest,  45  —  Address  by  Hon.  McDougall  Hawkes,  46 — Address 
by  Prof.  Louis  Delamarre,  47  —  Address  by  J.  Alden  Weir,  49  — 
Benediction  by  Mgr.  Michael  J.  Lavelle,  LL.  D.,  49  —  Official 
Delegations  49  —  The  Fifteen  equestrian  statues  of  the  maid, 
51 — Joan  of  Arc's  name,  home  and  family,  52. 

[5] 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS 


Facing 
Page 

Joan  of  Arc  ^Monument,  Xew  York  City 3 

Breaking  Ground  for  the  Monument,  Oct.  21,  1915 8 

Dedication  of  the  Monument,  Dec.  6.  1915 10 

His  Excellency  the  French  Ambassador,  Jean  J.  Jusserand,  speaking  at 

the  dedication  of  the  monument,  Dec.  6,  1915 12 

Joan  of  Arc's  Home  in  Domremy 14 

Joan  of  Arc  Listening  to  the  Voices.     After  painting  by  Bartolini 16 

Joan  of  Arc  Leaving  Vaucouleurs.  From  the  painting  by  J.  J.  Scherrer.  18 
Grand  Hall  of  the  Palace  at  Chinon,  where  Joan  of  Arc  first  met  Charles 

VII.     After  the  painting  by  P.  Carrier-Belleuse 20 

Ruins  at  Chinon,  where  Joan  of  Arc  first  met  Charles  VII 24 

Joan  of  Arc  at  the  Battle  of  Orleans.     After  the  painting  by  P.  Carrier- 

Belleuse 28 

Joan  of  Arc  in  Prison  at  Rouen.  Bas-relief  by  Vital-Dubray,  at  Orleans.  32 
The  Burning  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  Rouen.     After  the  painting  by  P.  Carrier- 

Belleuse 36 

Vestiges  of  the  Chateau  de  Rouen,  France,  excavated  in  1914.  from  which 

stones  were  taken  for  th^  monument  in  New  York 40 

Remains   of   Stair-case   of   Chateau   de   Rouen,   from   which    stones   were 

taken  for  the  monument  in  New  York.  Donjon  tower  in  background.  44 
Stones  from  the  Chateau  de  Rouien,  loaded  at  Rouen  for  shipment  to  New 

York;  and  Micrograph  of  the  stone 48 

|6I 


STATUE  OF  JOAN  OF  ARC 

DEDICATED  IX   THE   CITY  OF   XEW   YOEK^   DECEMBER   6,    1915 

I 

PRELIMINAKIES 

An  equestrian  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc,  the  fifteenth  equestrian 
statue  of  this  subject  in  the  world  and  the  second  in  the  United 
States,  was  dedicated  under  the  auspices  of  the  Joan  of  Arc 
Statue  Committee  with  impressive  ceremonies  at  Riverside  Drive 
and  Ninety-third  Street,  ^N^ew  York  City,  on  Monday,  December 
6,  1915,  beginning  at  2  :30  p.  m.  The  American  Scenic  and  His- 
toric Preservation  Society  was  requested  to  act  as  historian  of 
the  occasion.     (See  plates  6-11.) 

The  Committee  and  Its  Personnel 

The  dedication  of  the  statue  was  the  fruition  of  a  plan  which 
had  its  inception  in  the  formation  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Com- 
mittee on  December  4,  1909,  with  a  view  to  the  erection  of  a  monu- 
ment to  commemorate  the  500th  anniversary  of  the  birth  of  the 
Maid  of  Orleans."  The  leading  spirits  in  the  organization  of  the 
Committee  were  Mr.  John  Sanford  Saltus  and  George  Frederick 
Kunz,  Ph.  D.,  Sc.  D.,  both  of  New  York  City,  who  became  Hon- 
orary President  and  President,  respectively,  of  the  Committee. 

Mr.  Saltus  was  born  in  Xew  Haven,  Conn.,  March  9,  1854,  but 
his  present  home  is  in  Xew  York  City  where  his  father  was  born. 
He  has  lived  many  years  abroad,  particularly  in  France,  and  has 
been  a  liberal  patron  of  the  fine  arts.  In  1911,  he  founded  the 
John  Sanford  Saltus  Prize  in  the  old  Paris  Salon  for  the  best 
battle  picture.  He  himself  bought  the  prize  picture  in  1912  and 
presented  it  to  the  Museum  of  French  Art  of  I'Institut  Frangais 
aux  Etats-Unis,  in  Xew  York  City.  He  contributed  liberally  to  the 
erection  of  the  statutes  of  King  Edward  VII  at  Cannes  and  Queen 
Victoria  at  Xice,  and  in  1914  gave  a  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  to  the 
Church  of  the  Port  at  Xice.   The  latter  statue  was  made  by  the  late 

*  The  commonly  accepted  date  of  Joan  of  Are's  birth  is  January  6,  1412. 

[7] 


8  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Abbe  Galt're,  who  died  soou  after,  and  represents  the  Maid 
at  the  stake.  He  also  gave  to  the  Paris  Relief  Fund  at  the  time 
of  the  last  flood,  and  toward  the  new  road  at  Nice ;  and  has  given 
annual  medals  for  fencing.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Xice  Carnival 
Committee  and  the  Xice  Yacht  Club  and  has  given  liberally  to 
the  carnival.  Other  evidences  of  his  generosity  have  been  mani- 
fested in  his  paying  the  expenses  of  art  students  in  Paris,  and  in 
contributions  to  the  Red  Cross  hospitals  and  charities  generally. 
In  1912  he  gave  a  statue  of  Shakespeare  to  Southwark  Cathedral 
in  London,  England.  In  1908  he  founded,  in  the  Xational 
Academy  of  Design  in  Xew  York  City,  the  John  Sanford 
Saltus  Prize  for  a  painting  or  piece  of  sculpture  by  any  artist, 
man  or  woman,  American  or  foreign ;  and  he  was  the  most 
liberal  contributor  to  the  erection  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  statue 
described  in  these  pages.  He  is  an  Honorary  Member  of  the  Art 
Students'  League,  the  Fencers'  Club,  the  Amateur  Fencers' 
League  and  the  Salmagundi  Club ;  a  Fellow  of  the  Xational  Acad- 
emy of  Design ;  a  Patron  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 
History ;  a  Life  Member  and  First  Vice  President  of  the  Museum 
of  French  iVrt  of  I'Institut  Francais  aux  Etats-Unis,  and  the 
Archaelogical  Institute  of  America;  member  of  Council  of  the 
American  Numismatic  Society ;  Life  Member  of  the  Metropolitan 
Museum  of  Art;  Vice  President  of  the  British  Numismatic 
Society;  and  member  of  the  Gypsy  Lore  Society  of  England,  as 
well  as  other  art  and  learned  societies.  He  has  ^vTitten  a  number 
of  papers  on  Louis  XVII.  He  has  received  from  France  the 
rosette  of  Officier  de  FAcademie  and  the  cross  of  Chevalier  de 
la  Legion  d'Honneur.  He  is  the  donor  of  the  John  Sanford  Saltus 
Foundation  for  French  lectures  in  America. 

Dr.  Kunz,  the  President  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee, 
upon  whom  the  chief  burden  of  the  executive  duties  fell,  was  born 
in  New  York  City,  September  29,  1856.  He  has  received  the 
honorary  degrees  of  A.  M.  from  Columbia  Univei*sity  (1898), 
Ph.  D.  from  the  ITni versify  of  "Afarbnrg,  Germany  (1903)  and 
Sc.  D.  from  Knox  College  (1907.)  He  is  President  of  the  Ameri- 
can Scenic  and  Historic  Prevervation  Society  and  was  President  of 
the  New  "i'ork  Academy  of  Sciences  in  1914-1").  lie  is  Chevalier 
de  la  Legion  d'  Honneur. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  9 

Among  the  contributors  to  the  fund  for  erecting  the  monument, 
besides  Mr.  Saltus,  were:  Mons.  Susthene  Behn,  Mile.  Louise 
Behn,  ]\Ille.  Elizabeth  Behn,  Mrs.  Sanford  Bissell,  Miss  Josephine 
Buell,  Mrs.  Eobert  James  Campbell,  Miss  Carmen  Castro,  Rev. 
Frank  S.  Child,  Hon.  William  A.  Clark,  Mr.  Theodore  E. 
Conklin,  Hon.  John  D.  Crimmins,  Miss  Emilie  del  Goto,  Miss 
Dickinson,  Miss  Juanita  Eajardo,  Miss  Vincente  Fernandez, 
Hon.  McDougall  Hawkes,  Mons.  Heitkamp,  Mile.  Eleanor  Heit- 
kamp,  Miss  Gloria  Maria  Hernandez,  Madame  M.  J.  Humbert, 
Mrs.  George  Kidd,  Mr.  Edward  C.  Kohn,  Dr.  George  F.  Kunz, 
Miss  Caroline  Lester,  Mr.  Henrv  M.  Lester,  Mile.  Madeline 
Lucchetti,  Miss  Josephine  F.  Malone,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Xetter,  Mile. 
Gladys  Polowetski,  Mr.  Charles  Pryer,  ]\Ir.  Iv.  X.  Putnam,  ^Ir. 
Bob  Eedpath,  Mr.  P.  J.  Reynolds,  Mile  Marie  M.  Robique,  Miss 
Lola  Rodriguez,  ]Mr.  and  Mrs.  Frank  Edwin  Scott,  Dr.  Louis 
Livingston  Seaman,  Father  William  J.  Stewart,  Mr.  Joseph  F. 
Stier,  Mons.  W.  L.  Tige,  Miss  Violetta  Travieso,  Miss  Jose  Usera, 
Prof.  John  V.  Van  Pelt,  John  Wanamaker  Co.,  Miss  Elizabeth 
Wood,  Boys  and  Girls  of  Catholic  Sunday  School,  Girls  of  the 
Jeanne  d'Arc  Home  of  Xew  York,  a  Friend  in  Wales,  and  a 
Well-wisher  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.  The  youngest  donor  was  Mile. 
Gladys  Polowetski,  a  little  girl  of  Paris,  daughter  of  the  Russian 
artist.  Especial  thanks  are  due  to  Mr.  and  ^Ers.  Robert  James 
Campbell  of  Xew  York  City  and  to  Madame  Lucchetti,  her 
daughter  and  two  sons,  of  Porto  Rico,  for  contributions  and 
advice. 

Cooperation  and  Advice. 

Jn  the  erection  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  statue.  Dr.  Kunz  invited  to 
his  assistance  a  committee  consisting  of  21  other  members,  namely: 

Messieurs  Gabriel  Hanotaux"  and  Pierre  Loti,  members  of  the 
Institute  of  France,  who  were  Honorary  Vice-Presidents  of  the 
Committee ; 

*  In  1911,  Mons.  Hanotaux  published  a  superb  work  entitled  "  Jeanne  d'Arc," 
which,  so  fear  as  \Ve  know,  is  the  latest  elaborate  work  on  this  subject.  It  con- 
tains 446  pages,  9%  by  12l^  inches  in  size,  abounding  with  reproductions  of 
old  engravings  and  containing  fac-similes  of  documents  of  great  historic  inter- 
est.    Only  103  copies  of  a  special  edition  were  printed  by  Hachette  et  Cie. 


10  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Mr.  Banman  L.  Belden,  then  Secretary  of  the  American  E'umis- 
matic  Society; 

Senator  William  A.  Clark,  art  collector  and  encourager  of 
French  art; 

^Ir.  Thomas  Cochran,  Jr.,  President  of  the  Liberty  ^N'ational 
Bank; 

Hon.  John  D.  Crimmins,  historical  collector,  formerly  Park 
Commissioner ; 

Mrs.  James  Stewart  Cushman,  President  of  the  Young  Women's 
Christian  Association  of  ^ew  York; 

Mrs.  Vernon  M.  Davis,  wife  of  Supreme  Court  Justice  Davis, 
devoted  to  patriotic  and  charitable  affairs; 

Prof.  Louis  Delamarre,  French  scholar,  Secretary-General  of 
the  Federation  de  I'Alliance  Frangaise  aux  Etats-Unis  et  au 
Canada ; 

Prof.  Frederick  Dielman,  artist,  former  President  of  the  Fine 
Arts  Federation  and  the  National  Academy  of  Design ; 

Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Edison,  wife  of  the  inventor,  interested  in 
public  welfare  and  charities; 

Edward  Hagaman  Hall,  L.  H.  D.,  writer  and  lecturer  on 
American  History  and  Scenery,  Secretary  of  the  American  Scenic 
and  Historic  Preservation  Society; 

Hon.  McDougall  Hawkes,  lawyer,  former  Commissioner  of 
Docks  and  Ferries  of  the  City  of  New  York,  Bridge  and  Tunnel 
Commissioner  of  the  State  of  New  York,  President  of  I'Tustitut 
Francais  aux  Etats-Unis,  of  which  the  Museum  of  French  Art  is 
the  first  section; 

Mrs.  Charles  F.  IMcLean,  wife  of  Supreme  Court  Justice 
McLean,  interested  in  civic  affairs ; 

Mr.  Charles  Pryer,  ex-Treasurer  of  the  American  Numismatic 
Society,  honorary  citizen  of  La  Rochelle,  France ; 

^fajor  Louis  Livingston  Seaman,  ^r.  D.,  traveler,  hygienist, 
President  of  the  British  War  Relief  Association ; 

Mr.  Edward  R.  Smith,  sculptor,  librarian  of  the  Avery  Archi- 
tectural Library,  Columbia  University; 

Rev.  William  J.  Stewart,  D.  D.,  rector  of  St  Elizabeth's 
Church,  ecclesiastical  historian ; 

]\rr.  J.  Alden  Weir,  artist,  President  of  the  National  Academy 
of  Design ; 


Unveiling  the  Statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  New  York,  December  6,  1915.     (Smoke  from  .Artillery 
(Copyright  by  Underwood  &  Underwood,  N.  Y.) 


upper  left  hand  corner.) 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  11 

Mr.  T.  Tileston  Wells,  former  President  of  the  Alliance  Fran- 
gaise;  and 

Talcott  Williams,  L.H.D.,  LL.D.,  litterateur,  oriental  writer, 
Dean  of  the  School  of  Journalism,  Columbia  University. 

The  late  James  W.  Alexander,  Litt.D.,  President  of  the 
J^ational  Academy  of  Design,  was  a  member  of  the  Committee. 

Dr.  Hall  was  Secretary  of  the  Committee. 

The  Committee  had  the  invaluable  assistance  of  the  following 
Foreign  Aides:  Mons.  Louis  d'Arc,  a  collateral  descendant  of 
Joan  of  Arc,  Procureur  de  la  Republique,  of  Villeneuve-sur-Lot ; 
Hon.  William  Bardel,  United  States  Consul  at  Epernay;  Mons. 
Jean  de  Beaurepaire,  archaeologist,  of  Rouen ;  and  the  Most  Rev. 
Maurice  Landrieux,  Vicar  General  and  Archpriest  of  Notre 
Dame  at  Rheims." 

In  order  to  assemble  the  names  of  the  persons  chiefly  concerned 
in  the  erection  of  the  monument,  we  may  anticipate  the  history 
of  the  project  by  stating  here  that  the  Committee  was  further 
aided  by  the  following  gentlemen : 

Landscape  Architect:  Mr.  Carl  F.  Pilat,  Landscape  Architect 
of  the  Department  of  Parks  of  Xew  York  City. 

Consultant  on  Armor:  Pashford  Dean,  Ph.D.,  Curator  of 
Armor  of  the  ^fetropolitan  ^Museum  of  Art. 

Adviser  on  Architectural  Competition:    Mr.  Cass  Gilbert. 

Jury  on  Architectural  Competition:  Messrs.  William  Adams 
Delano,  Guy  Lowell,  and  John  Russell  Pope,  professional  mem- 
bers, and  Mr.  J.  Sanford  Saltus  and  Dr.  George  Frederick  Kunz, 
lay  members. 

Committee  of  the  Municipal  Art  Com<misslon  on  the  Whole 
Design:  ^lessrs.  Hermon  A.  MacXeil,  William  A.  Boring  and 
George  W.  Breck. 

Aides  at  the  Dedication:  Messrs  Louis  Annin  Ames,  Reginald 
Pelham  Bolton,  Hugh  Gordon  Miller  and  Howland  Wood. 

The  Committee  selected  as  sculptor  Miss  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt, 
a  native  of  Cambridge,  Mass.,  but  a  resident  of  E'ew  York  City. 
Her  early  inclinations  were  toward  music  as  a  profession,  but 
under  the  tuition  of  Messrs.  Henry  H.  Kitson,  Hermon  A.  Mac- 

*  Now  the  Right  Rev.  Mgr.  Landrieux,  Bishop  of  Dijon,  Cote  d'Or. 


12  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Xeil  and  Giitzon  Borgliim,  slie  found  lier  true  calling  in  sculpture. 
Her  most  important  bronzes  heretofore  liave  been  those  entitled 
Winter,  Tiger  Hunting,  etc.,  in  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art, 
and  a  large  lion  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  She  has  exhibited  in  many 
national  expositions  and  private  exhibitions.  She  had  an  Honor- 
able Mention  from  the  Paris  Salon  in  1910,  and  now,  as  one  of 
the  rewards  of  her  work  on  the  Joan  of  Arc  statue,  wears  the 
gold  palms  of  Offieier  de  ITnstructioii  Publique  of  France.  In  the 
Joan  of  Arc  statue.  Miss  Hyatt  has  demonstrated  in  the  plastic 
art  as  Rosa  Bonheur  demonstrated  in  painting,  that  a  woman  can 
express  with  fidelity  the  vigor  and  action  of  animal  life.  Perhaps 
the  fact  that  her  father,  Alpheus  Hyatt,  was  for  many  years  Pro- 
fessor of  Natural  History  at  Harvard  University  accounts  for  her 
wonderful  love  for  and  understanding  of  animals.  As  proof  of 
her  unusual  power  over  them,  it  is  related  that  certain  wild  ani- 
mals in  the  New  York  Zoological  Garden  will  pose  quietly  only 
for  her. 

To  Prof.  John  Vredenburgh  Van  Pelt  of  New  York,  architect 
and  landscape  architect,  was  awarded  the  task  of  designing  and 
building  the  pedestal  and  its  setting.  Prof.  Van  Pelt's  education 
in  American  schools  was  supplemented  by  courses  in  the  l^cole 
des  Arts  Decoratifs  and  Ecole  des  Beaux  Arts  of  Paris,  and  his 
professional  laurels  include  the  degree  of  Architecte  Diplome  par 
le  Gouvernement  Fran(;ais,  one  first  and  five  first-second  medals 
in  1895,  the  honor  of  Laureate  of  the  Societe  des  Architectes 
Diplomes  for  two  years,  the  Prix  St.  Agnan  Boucher,  and  grand 
medal  of  the  Societe  Centrale.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was 
Assistant  Professor  and  then  Professor  in  charge  of  the  College  of 
Architecture  at  Cornell  University,  and  is  now  Associate  Director 
and  Critic  of  Design  in  the  Department  of  Architecture  at  Colum- 
bia University,  and  Professor  and  Critic  of  Design  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania.  Notable  examples  of  his  landscape  work 
are  to  1)0  found  in  the  State  Reservation  at  Watkins  Glen  and  the 
alumni  fields  at  Cornell  University;  while  many  prominent  church 
schools  are  examples  of  his  purely  architectural  abilities. 


Ills  Excellency  J.  J.  Jus.sehand,  French  Ambassador. 
Speaking  at  dedication  of  Joan  of  Arc  Monument,  New  York  City. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  13 

Joan  of  Arc  Loan  Exhibition 

The  names  of  the  aides  and  consultants  in  the  foregoing  list 
have  already  given  an  intimation  of  the  care  which  the  Com- 
mittee took  to  secure  a  monument  which  in  its  conception  should 
be  worthy  of  the  noble  subject  and  in  its  execution  accurate  in 
details.  In  furtherance  of  these  ends,  the  Committee  made  a 
careful  studv  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  literature  and  in  various  forms 
of  art — plastic,  pictorial,  medallic,  architectural,  etc., —  and 
from  January  6  to  February  6,  1913,  held  a  notable  loan  exhibi- 
tion in  the  building  of  the  American  Numismatic  Society  at 
Broadway  and  156th  Street,  !N'ew  York  City.  This  exhibition 
consisted  of  613  pictures,  234  medals,  29  relics,  autographs,  etc., 
64  photographs,  20  pictures  of  statues  of  Joan  of  Arc,  71  books 
and  66  magazine  articles,  etc.     (See  page  35.) 

Breaking  of  the  Ground 

The  work  of  erecting  the  monument  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  ISTew 
York  began  with  the  breaking  of  ground  on  the  eminence  on  the 
oast  side  of  Riverside  Drive  at  the  end  of  West  93d  street  on 
Thursday,  October  21,  1915,  at  4:30  p.  m.  (See  plate  6.)  Dr. 
George  Frederick  Kunz,  President  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Com- 
mittee, presided.     The  order  of  exercises  was  as  follows: 

Address  by  Hon.  Cabot  Ward,  President  of  the  Park  Commission 
of  the  City  of  j^ew  York  and  Commissioner  of  Parks  for  the 
Boroughs  of  Manhattan  and  Pichmond. 

Address  by  Mons.  Maurice  Heilman,  representing  His  Excellency 
J.  J.  Jusserand,  Ambassador  of  France  to  the  United  States. 

Address  by  Mons.  E.  Gueyraud,  Consul  General  of  France  in  the 
City  of  Xew  York. 

Breaking  of  Ground  by  Mr.  J.  Sanford  Saltus,  Honorary  Presi- 
dent of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee. 

Placing  of  the  Comer-stone  by  Miss  Clara  Hunter  Hyatt. 

Address  by  Mr.  J.  Alden  Weir,  President  of  the  National 
Academy  of  Design. 

Address  by  Dr.  Frederick  Dielman,  President  of  the  Fine  Arts 
Federation. 

Address  by  Mr.  J.  Sanford  Saltus,  Honorary  President  of  the 
Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee. 

Address  by  Rev.  William  J.  Stewart,  Rector  of  St.  Elizabeth's 
Church. 


14  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

II 

THE  MONUMENT 

The  Equestrian  Statue 

Work  progressed  rapidly  after  the  breaking  of  the  ground,  and 
by  December  6,  1915,  the  monument  was  in  place  and  ready  for 
dedication. 

The  statue,  by  Miss  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt,  is  of  bronze  and  of 
heroic  size.  It  represents  the  Maid  in  armor,  mounted  on  her 
steed,  standing  in  her  stirrups,  holding  the  reins  in  her  left  hand 
and  her  sword  in  her  up-raised  right  hand.  The  horse  was  modeled 
after  a  Percheron  in  Paris.  Miss  Hyatt's  niece.  Miss  Clara 
Hunter  Hyatt,  posed  in  armor;  the  face,  however,  is  ideal.  The 
composition  impresses  one  with  the  animation  and  spirituality  of 
the  heroine  and  the  splendid  power  and  action  of  her  mount. 
Much  material  for  study  and  comparison  had  been  furnished  by 
the  loan  exhibition  before  described,  but  the  data  was  incomplete, 
particularly  with  respect  to  the  armor. 

Notes  on  the  Armor,  by  Dr.  Bashford  Dean 

The  manner  in  which  a  satisfactory  result  was  attained  in  the 
modeling  of  the  annor  is  thus  told  by  Dr.  George  Frederick 
Kunz  in  the  introduction  to  a  booklet  by  Dr.  Bashford  Dean  :* 

As  soon  as  the  committee  of  which  I  have  the  honor  to  be  Presi- 
dent was  formed,  its  first  task  was  to  make  a  study  of  the  existing 
statues  of  Joan  of  Arc.  In  order  to  get  a  proper  idea  of  the 
type  consistent  with  the  age,  dress  and  customs  of  the  time  in 
which  she  lived,  every  available  book,  manuscript,  print,  photo- 
graph and  other  illustration,  even  including  post-cards,  was 
gathered  together,  and  an  exhibition  of  them  held  at  the  rooms  of 
the  American  Numismatic  Society  on  January  6,  1913,  the  exhibi- 
tion lasting  for  one  month.  This  collection  was  later  exhibited 
for  the  same  period  at  the  Brooklyn  Institute  of  Fine  Arts  and  at 
the  Boston  Public  Library  with  much  success. 

In  this  way  a  great  mass  of  material  was  secured,  and  many 
valuable  suggestions  obtained.     It  was  discovered  in  the  course  of 

*  "  The  Armor,  The  Portraiture  and  Statues  of  Joan  of  Arc,  and  a  study  of 
the  various  types  of  armor  usod  by  artists  and  sculptors.  By  Bashford  Dean, 
A.M.,  I'li.l).,  Clujvalicr,  Lvgion  d'ilonnour,  Curator  of  Armor  at  tlie  Metropoli- 
tan Museum  of  Art,  New  York.     New  York,  April  fourtli,  MCMXV." 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  15 

the  examination  of  this  material  that  there  were  radical  differences 
in  the  armor  of  the  various  statues  of  the  Maid  and  that  many 
of  them  did  not  have  much  historic  value.  The  attention  of  the 
committee  was,  therefore,  turned  to  Dr.  Bashford  Dean,  Curator 
of  Armor  of  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art,  w^ho  had  made 
many  studies  along  these  lines.  Special  researches  were  made  in 
all  the  literature  that  could  be  found  on  the  subject,  and  photo- 
graphs and  illustrations  were  presented  to  the  committee  for  their 
observation.  From  these  authenticated  data.  Dr.  Bashford  Dean 
made  valuable  contributions  to  the  studies  of  the  sculptor.  Miss 
Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt,  with  whom  he  co-operated,  and  it  is  the 
belief  of  the  committee  who  have  the  honor  to  erect  the  statue  that 
it  will  be  the  first  one  ever  created  in  w^hich  the  armor  worn  by 
Joan  of  Arc  is  true  to  the  period  and  therefore  authentic,  thus 
adding  greatly  to  the  interest  and  value  of  the  figure. 

The  following  letters  from  Dr.  Dean  to  Dr.  Kiuiz,  which  follow 
the  introduction  of  the  booklet,  are  self-explanatory : 

The  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 
New  York. 

April  4,  1915. 
Dear  Dr.  Kunz : 

Here  is  a  little  note  about  the  armor  of  Joan  of  Arc  which  you 
may  use  for  publication.     It  should  have  been  sent  you  long  since. 

I  had  a  look  at  the  statue  the  other  day.  It  is  certainly  well 
done.  I  ventured  to  suggest  some  details  and  Miss  Hyatt  has  been 
altogether  too  gracious  in  allowing  the  dry  bones  of  archaeology 
to  appear  in  her  work !  One  suggestion  I  made  which  I  hope  will 
go  thro'  —  It  is  that  the  borders  of  certain  of  the  plates  in  the 
armor  he  gilded.  It  will  give  the  whole  affair  distinction  and 
allure. 

I  am  much  pleased  with  the  set  of  the  armor  which  Miss  Hyatt 
has  put  on  her  figure.  It  is  the  first  accurate  representation  of 
early  XV  century  armor  a  sculptor  has  given. 

Ever  yours, 

Bashford  Dean. 


16  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

The  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 

'New  York. 

New  York,  IST.  Y. 
April  7,   1915. 
Dr.  George  F.  Kunz, 

'Xew  York  City. 

Dear  Dr.  Kunz: 

I  am  so  giad  you  like  the  notes  I  sent  you  about  the  ^'  Armor 
of  Joan  of  Arc.'' 

Please  count  on  me  if  there  is  anything  I  can  do  for  you,  and 
believe  me, 

Ever  faithfully  yours, 

Bashford  Dean. 

Following  are  Dr.  Dean's  notes,  referred  to  in  the  foregoing 
and  included  in  the  pamphlet : 

As  the  national  heroine  of  France,  Joan  of  Arc  is  one  of  the 
most  frequently  pictured  personages  in  history;  there  are  "por- 
traits "  of  her  by  the  hundred,  some  of  them  centuries  old.  But 
all  of  them  are  faulty,  not  only  in  likeness  —  for  there  exists  no 
authentic  portrait  —  but  in  costume,  arms  and  armor. 

In  general,  the  cause  of  this  inaccuracy  is  to  be  found,  not  in 
the  lack  of  data,  which  can  be  had  in  almost  every  great  city  at 
the  cost  of  a  few  days'  study,  but  in  the  workings  of  the  artistic 
mind.  The  painter,  for  example,  admits  smilingly  that  he  is 
not  interested  in  archaeology ;  he  wishes  to  "  produce,"  and  his 
eyes  are  so  filled  with  the  image  of  his  work  that  he  is  rarely 
patient  enough  to  carry  out  the  research  which  an  historical  por- 
trait requires  —  especially  where  it  concerns  a  period  when  his- 
torical ''  documents "  Avere  uncommon.  It  is  not  rcnuirkable, 
therefore,  that  his  results  often  give  a  misleading  impression  of 
the  personage  and  of  the  time. 

And  in  this  respect  the  sculptor  is  equally  blameworthy.  Even 
in  France,  where  one  sees  on  every  side  reliefs  and  statues  of  the 
Pucelle,  there  is  no  work  that  is  reasonably  accurate.  She  is 
usually  pictured  in  the  style  of  armor  worn  from  twenty  to  a 
hundred  years  after  the  time  of  her  death. 

Let  us  cite  concrete  instances: 

The  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  Paris,  which  stands  on  the  Boule- 
vard Malesherbes  in  front  of  the  Church  of  St.  Augustin,  is  by 


Joan  of  Arc  Listening  to  the  Voices. 
After  the  painting  by  Bartolini. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  17 

Paul  Dubois,  membre  de  Tlnstitut,  and  from  its  technical  merits 
it  has  justly  passed  a  jury  of  sculptors.  It  has,  as  everyone  notes, 
an  archaic  ^'  set  and  swing''  which  interests  and  attracts.  But  as 
to  picturing  the  Maid  accurately  —  that  is  another  story.  If  the 
critic  has  any  knowledge  of  armor  he  will  see  at  a  glance  that 
the  model  wore  not  a  real  harness  but  a  theatrical  one.  Her 
armor,  too,  fits  her  miserably  —  about  as  a  stage  armor  fits  the 
average  Shakesperian  actor.  One  is  not  surprised,  therefore,  if 
he  discovers,  as  I  did,  the  actual  sheet-iron  harness  used  by  Dubois' 
model  lying  about  disjointed  in  a  comer  of  a  shop  in  the  Rue 
Le  Peletier.  Its  lines  are  ungainly,  it  would  fit  no  one,  and  in 
actual  use  would  speedily  have  exhausted  the  person  who  wore 
it.  The  veritable  armor  of  Joan  of  Arc,  on  the  other  hand,  would 
have  fitted  her  closely  and  easily,  and  would  seem  to  have  in  it  the 
living  body  of  the  wearer,  for,  it  will  be  recalled,  that  here  was 
the  period  of  ''  gothic  armor  "  which  excelled  in  the  beauty  of  its 
lines,  in  its  flexibility  and  its  splendid  strength.  In  fact,  eveii 
a  detached  fragment  of  a  suit  of  fifteenth  century  armor,  no  matter 
in  what  position  it  is  placed,  seems  to  have  within  it  something 
living,  like  a  bit  of  a  Greek  statue  of  the  time  of  Pericles.  But 
to  return  to  Dubois'  statue.  From  the  standpoint  of  its  armor,  the 
shoulders  and  arms  are  impossibly  stiff.  In  shape,  the  right 
shoulder  is  inaccurate  —  the  arrangement  of  buckles  and  straps 
incorrect  —  the  shell  of  the  elbow  of  the  right  ami  is  placed 
wrongly.  The  foot  armoring  is  blunt-toed  in  the  style  of  about 
1500.  The  saddle  is  mongrel,  partly  gothic  and  partly  mid-six- 
teenth century.  The  sword  in  the  figure's  hand  is  in  the  stvle  of 
1500. 

The  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  Vaucouleurs  is  sadly  inaccurate 
in  its  armor ;  it  is  a  mixture  of  pieces  dating  from  the  late  fifteenth 
and  middle  sixteenth  century,  and  even  these  are  fanciful  —  the 
less  said  about  them  the  better. 

The  equestrian  figure  at  Chinon  is  more  carefully  prepared. 
It  represents  her  in  armor  of  about  1450,  but  with  a  very  early 
head-piece  —  a  pig-face  bassinet  dating  about  1400.  Altogether 
the  armor,  though  later,  fits  the  wearer  and  the  sculptor  has 
apparently  taken  an  interest  in  it  —  it  is  less  '^  tinny  "  than  in 
other  examples. 

The  Desvergnes  statue  represents  part  of  the  famous  gothic 
armor  now  preserved  in  the  ^Iiisee  d'Artillerie  in  Paris.  This 
dates  in  part  from  1450.  Unfortunately,  however,  it  is  a  "  com- 
position " ;  its  tassets  are  '^  made  up  "  as  anyone  knows  who  has 
examined  the  armor.  The  lower  leg  armor  now  mounted  with  this 
harness  is  '^  wrong,"  and  is  not  shown  in  early  pictures  of  this 
suit.     It  may  be  remarked  that  while  the  sculptor  has  taken  this 


18  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

guit  as  his  model,  he  has  tried  to  improve  upon  it  in  several  details ; 
thus  he  has  succeeded  in  representing  the  borders  of  the  armor  as 
though  they  dated  from  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century. 

Foyatier's  statue  in  the  Place  du  Martroi,  at  Orleans,  is  so 
poorly  done  as  far  as  its  armor  is  concerned  that  it  deserves  a 
place  with  the  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  Vaucouleurs. 

Still  another  suit,  that  of  Lebel,  in  the  garden  of  Orleans,  does 
not  inspire  gentle  criticism.  It  is  enough  to  say  that  its  armor  is 
in  the  style  of  1450  to  1480  and  is  badly  rendered. 

Fremiet's  statue  of  the  triumphant  Joan  of  Arc  is  perhaps  the 
most  famous  portrayal  of  the  heroine.  From  an  historical  point 
of  view,  however,  it  is  poor.  Its  armor  is  evidently  modeled  from 
theatrical  ''  effects."  The  horse's  head-piece  is  of  the  style  of 
1560  wdth  certain  modifications  above  the  orbits.  The  breast- 
plate and  the  hip  guards  are  nineteenth  century  in  their  form  and 
they  appear  as  though  made  of  some  flexible  material  which 
moulded  itself  constantly  to  the  changing  contours  of  the  wearer's 
body.  Whatever  be  the  armor,  it  is  not  gotliic.  The  more  to  be 
deplored  since  it  is  in  such  a  suit  that  the  Maid  of  Orleans  is 
usually  pictured. 

Enough  at  least  has  been  said  to  show  that  there  is  a  legitimate 
need  for  a  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  which  shall  show  her  in  the 
panoply  of  her  time.  This  at  least  we  can  expect,  for  we  cannot 
hope  to  picture  accurately  her  figure  or  her  face.  We  cannot  even 
hope  to  represent  her  actual  armor,  for  documentary  passages 
dealing  with  this  matter  are  vague.  But  we  have  definite  grounds 
for  deciding  as  to  the  kind  of  harness  she  wore.  We  have  reason 
to  premise  that,  as  commander  of  the  armies  of  France,  she  Avould 
have  been  clad  in  armor  of  the  best  workmanship.  And  we  con- 
clude, therefore,  if  we  wish  to  portray  her,  that  we  should  search 
for  materials  which  illustrate  the  military  equipment  of  the  year 
1431   (the  year  of  her  death),  or  as  near  this  date  as  possible. 

In  this  quest  we  should  examine  tombal  effigies,  church  brasses 
and  illuminated  miniatures,  especially  those  of  French  origin.  It 
is  in  the  last  regard  only  that  difficulty  would  be  encountered,  for 
in  France  during  this  particular  period  of  the  Hundred  Years' 
War,  little  artistic  work  was  created  or  preserved.  France,  one 
must  recall,  was  then  harried  much  as  Belgium  is  to-day.  So  it 
is  not  surprising  that  no  contemporary  artist  has  loft  Iveliind  a 
visible  picture  of  Joan  of  Arc.  'Jliere  exist  elsewhere,  however, 
excellent  brasses  of  this  very  period,  which  show  military  costume. 
We  may  mention  those  of  Peter  Halle  (1420),  Walter  Grene 
(1423),'  John  WanteU^  (1424),  John  Drayton  (1425),  Sir  Thomas 
Brounfclt  (1430),  John  Leventhrop  (1433),  Roger  Ehnbrvgge 
(1435),  Tiichard   Dyxton   (1438).      And  it  is  from  such  figures 


Joan  of  Arc  Leaving  Vaucoulkurs. 
From  the  painting  by  J.  J.  Scherrer. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  19 

as  tliese  making  a  composite  picture,  as  it  were,  that  we  may 
reconstruct  the  equipment  of  the  ''  Maid  of  Orleans."  These 
brasses,  it  is  true,  are  in  all  cases  English,  but  one  need  only  recall 
that  armor  here  pictured  w^as  probably  used  by  their  English 
owners  in  war  in  France,  where,  face  to  face,  year  long,  the  French 
and  English  struggled  backward  and  forward  over  the  fields  of 
Picardy,  Brittany,  j^ormandy,  Morbihan  and  Garonne,  so  that  in 
the  end  their  costumes  tended  to  become  closely  similar.  We  need 
only  consider,  too,  that  armor,  as  prize  of  war,  passed  from  one 
opposing  camp  to  the  other  —  sometimes,  doubtless,  with  surpris- 
ing rapidity.  Since  it  was  the  most  valuable  possession  of  the 
soldiers  of  the  day,  we  may  be  sure  that  the  wearer  had  less 
thought  of  its  nationality  than  of  its  quality. 

A  careful  review,  with  sketches  of  contemporary  sculptures, 
pictures  and  tomb  effigies  has  been  undertaken  by  my  assistant, 
Stephen  Grancsay,  at  the  instance  of  President  Kunz.  And  he 
has  now  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Society's  sculptor  a  series  of 
details  which  may  help  to  make  the  present  statue  of  the  Maid  of 
Orleans  reasonably  accurate  in  its  armor  and  arms. 

The  Pedestal 

The  pedestal  of  the  statue,  designed  by  Prof.  John  V.  Van 
Pelt,  is  I3V2  feet  high,  13i/>  feet  long  and  8%  feet  wide  at  the 
base.  It  is  gothic  in  desigii,  having  three  closed  pointed  arches 
on  each  side  and  one  on  each  end.  At  the  top  of  the  buttresses  at 
the  four  comers  are  small  shields  bearing  the  coats-of-arms  of 
Rouen  (on  the  northeast  comer),  Rheims  (southeast),  Lorraine 
(northwest),  and  Orleans  (southwest).  In  the  panel  of  the  arch 
on  the  western  end  is  the  coat-of-arms  granted  to  the  family  of 
the  heroine  after  her  death,  and  under  it  is  the  following 
inscription : 

JOAN  OF  ARC 

Born  at 

Domremy,  France 

January  6,  1412 

Burned  at  the 

Stake  at 
Rouen,  France 
May  30,  1431 

On  the  base  below  the  panel  are  the  following  words : 

Erected  by 

The  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee 

in  the  City  of  New  York,  1915. 


20  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

The  pedestal  is  built  partly  of  ^lohegan  granite  from  quarries 
near  Peekskill,  X.  Y.,  and  partly  of  stone  from  tlie  castle  in  Eoiien 
in  which  the  Maid  was  imprisoned.  It  also  contains  a  piece  of 
stone  from  the  Cathedral  of  Rheims  in  which  the  French  King  was 
crowned  through  Joan's  efforts.  These  historic  stones  are 
described  more  fully  hereafter. 

The  whole  composition, —  the  statue  resting  on  the  castle  and 
cathedral  stones  —  symbolizes  the  triumph  of  faith  and  patriotism 
over  persecution  and  suffering. 

The  Castle  Stones  in  the  Pedestal 

In  view  of  the  unique  distinction  among  monuments  of  the 
United  States  given  to  the  Joan  of  Arc  memorial  by  the  castle 
stones  in  the  pedestal,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to  give  a  particular 
description  of  those  souvenirs  and  the  manner  in  which  they  were 
obtained. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  year  1912,  while  the  sculptress  was 
working  on  her  model  of  the  statue,  Dr.  Kunz,  President  of  the 
Committee,  desiring,  to  embody  in  the  monument  something 
directly  and  personally  connected  with  the  life  of  Joan  of  Arc, 
entered  into  correspondence  with  Mons.  Jean  de  Beaurepaire  of 
Rouen,  son  of  George  de  Beaurepaire,  the  advocate,  concerning  the 
castle  in  which  the  martyr  maid  had  been  confined. 

It  may  be  recalled  that  when,  in  1430,  Joan  of  x\rc  was  cap- 
tured by  John  of  Luxembourg,  she  was  sold  by  him  to  the  English 
for  ten  thousand  pieces  of  gold.  The  English  took  her  to  Rouen, 
which  was  in  their  possession,  and  thei^e  imprisoned  her  in  the 
Chateau  do  Bouvreuil,  also  called  the  Chateau  de  Rouen.  From 
this  castle  she  was  led  to  the  stake  in  1431.  The  place  of  her 
execution  was  in  the  Vieux  Marche,  in  the  heart  of  the  town 
al>out  three-eighths  of  a  mile  southwest  of  the  castle. 

The  Chateau  de  Rouen  was  a  fortress  built  under  Philippe 
Auguste  about  the  year  1205,  in  what  is  now  the  northwestern 
part  of  the  city.  From  an  elevation  by  Jacques  Lelieur  drawn 
in  1525  and  from  a  plan  drawn  in  1G35,  it  appears  to  have  con- 
sisted of  six  or  more  towers,  connected  by  buildings  and  curtain 
walls,  and  surrounded  by  a  moat.  The  plan  was  roughly  elliptical 
in  shape,  its  major  axis  extending  in  a  northwestei^ly  and  south- 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  21 

easterly  direction,  and  embraced  an  area  of  several  acres. 
The  sally-port,  flanked  by  two  towers  and  approached  by  the  draw- 
bridge, was  on  the  south  side.  Directly  across  the  chateau  enclos- 
ure on  the  north  side  was  the  keep,  designated  on  Lelieur's  draw- 
ing as  "  La  grosse  tour  du  chasteau  "  and  '^  Tour  Jeanne  Dare" 
and  on  the  plan  of  1635  as  the  '^  Donjon."  The  tower  at  the 
northwestern  end  of  the  ellipse  is  designated  on  both  drawings  as 
^'  Tour  de  la  Pucelle."  It  is  not  know^n,  however,  in  which  par- 
ticular tower  of  the  chateau  Joan  of  Arc  was  confined.  On  May 
9,  1431,  she  was  summoned  from  her  prison  tower, —  whichever 
one  it  may  have  been  —  to  the  great  donjon  tower  (the  ''Grosse 
Tour  du  Chateau  de  Kouen  "),  because  there  was  not  room  enough 
in  her  own  quarters  for  the  instruments  of  torture  with  which  her 
inquisitors  tried  to  frighten  her.  At  a  period  not  known  to  the 
present  writer,  but  prior  to  the  siege  of  the  city  in  1415  by  Henry 
V  of  England, "  the  city  was  encircled  by  a  wall.  This  wall  passed 
around  the  north  side  of  the  chateau  and  very  close  to  it,  as  indi- 
cated by  the  proximity  of  the  boulevard  Jeanne  d'Arc  to  the  don- 
jon tower  now  standing;  for  the  boulevard  is  the  site  of  the  old 
city  wall.  In  IGIO,  much  of  the  chateau  was  demolished  to  make 
room  for  a  practice  ground  for  the  arquebusiers  of  the  town; 
but  the  donjon,  as  well  as  the  Tour  de  la  Pucelle  to  the  westward, 
and  an  unnamed  tower  to  the  eastward,  with  their  connecting 
walls  and  moat,  are  indicated  on  the  plan  of  1635  as  then  extant 
and  remained  for  a  long  time  thereafter.  In  1809,  considerable 
portions  of  the  chateau  then  standing  were  demolished.  The  keep, 
or  donjon,  however,  was  spared  and  may  now  be  seen  on  the  north 
side  of  the  rue  du  Donjon  and  east  of  the  rue  Jeanne  d'Arc,  near 
their  intersection  with  each  other  and  with  the  boulevard  Jeanne 
d'Arc.  It  is  sometimes  called  the  Tour  de  la  Pucelle,  although 
in  Lelieur's  elevation  (1525)  and  the  plan  of  1635  these  designa- 
tions are  applied  to  two  different  towers.  The  donjon  tower  is 
46  meters  in  circumference,  and  30  meters  high,  and  its  walls  are 
4.2  meters  thick.  It  was  restored  in  the  latter  half  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  and  contains  a  small  museum  of  objects  relating 
to  the  Maid. 

*  The  English  took  possession  in  1419. 


22  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

The  acquisition  of  stones  from  the  donjon  tower  for  the  Joan  of 
Arc  Monument  in  New  York  was  out  of  the  question,  but  the 
coiTespondenee  between  Dr.  Kunz  and  Mons.  de  Beaurepaire 
developed  the  fact  that  there  were  some  vestiges  of  the  chateau 
on  property  near  by,  at  the  intersection  of  the  rue  du  Donjon 
and  the  rue  Jeanne  d'Arc,  which  embraced  part  of  the  north- 
western quarter  of  the  fortress  site.  This  tract  of  land  was  just 
north  of  and  adjacent  to  the  site  of  the  Tour  de  la  Pucelle  as  indi- 
cated on  the  plan  of  1635.  The  owners  of  this  property  had  held 
it  many  years  in  the  hope  that  it  might  be  purchased  on  behalf 
of  the  local  church  and  become  a  shrine  of  Joan  of  Arc.  When 
the  prospects  of  this  faded,  they  sold  it  to  a  French  insurance  com- 
pany called  the  Mutualite  Generale,  which,  in  1914,  began  digging 
for  the  foundations  of  a  new  building.  These  excavations  brought 
more  clearly  to  light  the  ancient  remains,  which  extended  down 
as  far  as  six  metres  below  the  street  level.  These  remains  included 
a  massive  stone  wall,  believed  to  have  been  the  counterscarp,  or 
outer  wall  of  the  moat,  and  in  the  wall  and  connecting  masonry  a 
circular  turret  w^ith  winding  staircase  of  stone.  This  turret  was 
coincident  with  a  larger  circle  of  masonry,  suggesting  that  it  was 
the  staircase  turret  of  a  large  tower.  The  interior  diameter  of 
the  staircase  was  2.6  metres  or  about  81/2  feet.  At  the  foot  of 
the  staircase,  on  the  western  side  of  the  turret,  was  a  doonvay 
1.03  metres  wide  and  twice  as  high,  with  a  flat  lintel.  Mons.  de 
Beaurepaire  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  staircase  led  to  the  moat. 
It  was  manifestly  an  integral  part  of  the  fortress  as  a  whole. 
(See  illustrations.) 

Through  the  kind  assistance  of  Mons.  de  Beaurepaire,  the  Joan 
of  Arc  Statue  Committee  purchased  from  the  owners  229  blocks 
of  stone  from  this  turret.  These  relics,  weighing  about  18  tons, 
were  shipped  from  Eouen  to  Havre  on  Thursday,  June  11,  1914. 
From  Havre  they  were  sent  on  the  steamship  Floride  to  New  York 
where  they  arrived  June  30.  The}^  cost  the  Committee  558  francs 
and  YO  centimes.  The  Committee  has  an  accurate  sui-A'cy  of  the 
excavation,  made  by  Mons.  Antoine  Auverny,  architect  of  Rouen, 
and  numerous  photographs  showing  various  stages  of  the  work. 

When  the  pedestal  of  the  statue  was  erected  at  Riverside  Drive 
and  93rd  Street  in  November,  1915,  most  of  these  stones  were 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  23 

bnilt  into  it,  and  appear  in  the  panels  of  the  gothic  arches  on  the 
north  and  south  sides  and  the  east  end.  As  they  came  from 
Eouen  thej  varied  in  size,  some  being  three  feet  long  by  one  foot 
T\'ide  and  thick,  while  others  are  shorter  and  thicker.  Their  outer 
surfaces  were  smoothed  by  the  exposure  of  five  centuries  to  the 
erosion  of  time.  Most  of  them  were  recut  for  the  pedestal,  but 
the  faces  of  the  stones  in  the  eastern  end  of  the  pedestal  have 
been  left  as  they  came  from  Rouen. 

Petro graphic  Description  of  Cliateau  Stones 

The  stones  from  the  Chateau  de  Rouen  are  mostly  of  a  creamy 
white  color  but  somie  have  a  very  light  brownish  tinge,  as  may  be 
noted  in  the  panels  on  the  south  side  of  the  pedestal.  A  hand 
specimen  of  one  of  the  white  stones  was  submitted  to  Dr.  Charles 
P.  Berkey,  petrographer,  of  Cohmibia  University,  who  has  fur- 
nished us  with  some  very  interesting  notes  upon  the  nature  of 
the  rock,  its  fossil  content,  and  the  geologic  fonnation  or  horizon 
from  which  it  was  originally  taken.     (See  illustration.) 

The  rock  is  a  somewhat  chalky-looking  and  very  porous  lime- 
stone, and  carries  flint  or  ehert  nodules.  A  miscroscopic  study 
of  the  specimen  for  classification  shows  its  texture  to  be  very  fine- 
grained ;  its  original  structure  chiefly  organic,  with  foraminiferal 
remains,  and  its  secondary  structure  cemented  with  many 
rhombohedral  cavities.  Its  primary  or  essential  minerals  are 
chiefly  calcium  carbonate  matters,  very  minute  organisms;  and  its 
secondary  or  alteration  products  are  somewhat  reorganized,  inter- 
stitial carbonate. 

Dr.  Berkey  says : 

''  The  essential  features  of  this  rock  are : 

^'  a.  A  great  predominance  of  foraminiferal  organic  remains, 
some  of  which  are  very  w^ell  preserved,  and  represent  minute 
globular  fonns  chiefly.  There  are  occasional  elongated  fragments 
of  decidedly  different  habit,  and  somewhat  larger  size,  and  still 
more  rarely  a  fragment  very  much  larger.  All  are  organic  in 
origin,  but  in  some  cases  too  obscure  to  identify. 

''  b.  All  of  these  fragmental  and  organic  matters  are  now 
imbedded  in  a  fine  micro-crystalline  matrix  of  the  same  composi- 
tion, doubtless  representing  in  part  the  finely  ground-up  matter 


24  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

from  the  destruction  of  the  organic  remains  of  the  same  kind, 
and  perhaps  partly  representing  dissolved  and  precipitated 
carbonate. 

^^  c.  There  are  many  comparatively  large  and  very  regular 
pores  evidently  left  by  the  removal  of  some  constituent  that  had 
crystal  form.  This  form  was  certainly  rhombohedral  in  habit,  and 
in  the  specimen  examined  has  been  entirely  removed.  There  is, 
therefore,  no  evidence  of  its  composition  except  the  form,  which 
would  suggest  some  type  of  carbonate. 

"  Large  fossils  are  rare  —  only  one  fairly  good  specimen  being- 
secured,  a  pelecipod  that  is  identified  here  as  belonging  to  the 
genus  Lucina.  Minute  fossils  are,  however,  so  abundant  as  to 
make  up  almost  the  whole  rock.  As  far  as  they  have  been  found 
to  be  determinable  they  all  belong  to  the  foraminifera.  The  genera 
identified  include:  Globigerina  (the  most  abundant),  Textularia, 
Nodosaria,  and  Rotalia.  The  species  have  not  been  determined. 
All  of  these  Foraminifera  have  a  w^ide  range,  making  it  difticult 
to  determine  the  horizon  accurately.  The  whole  combination, 
however,  is  regarded  as  indicating  either  the  Uppermost  Creta- 
ceous or  the  Lowermost  Tertiary,  the  Eocene,  with  a  slight  prefer- 
ence for  the  latter. 

''  An  inspection  of  geologic  maps  of  the  region  about  Eouen 
shows  that  the  chief  bed  rock  formation  of  the  district  is  Upper 
Cretaceous,  but  that  there  are  numerous  patches  of  Eocene  beds 
left  as  remnants  of  erosion  or  outliers  here  and  there  along  the 
divides.  One  or  two  of  these  are  in  the  vicinity  of  Rouen.  For 
such  use  as  the  making  of  walls  for  a  dungeon  I  think  it  very 
unlikely  that  any  other  than  a  local  stone  would  have  been  used. 
I  think  it  probable  also  that  these  remnants  or  outliers  might  offer 
opportunity  for  quarrying  fully  as  well  as  the  Cretaceous  strata. 
Therefore,  our  judgment  is  that  the  rock  is  probably  Eocene  as  to 
horizon  and  that  it  probably  came  from  the  immediate  vicinity  of 
Rouen  itself.  In  this  I  have  been  aided  materially  by  !^[rs.  Ruth 
Raeder  Mook  of  Columbia  University." 

Stone  from  the  Cathedral  of  Rhcims 

The  pedestal  also  contains  a  stone  from  the  Cathedral  of  Rheims 
in  which  Charles  VII  was  crowned  through  the  efforts  of  Joan  of 
Arc.  It  is  a  cylindrical  section  of  a  fossiliferous  stone,  about  5^/L> 
inches  in  diameter  and  14  inches  long,  with  irregiilar  broken 
ends  —  a  fragment  of  a  pilaster  demolished  by  bombardment  in 
September,  1015.  As  it  arrived  after  the  dedication  of  the  monu- 
ment, it  was  not  set  in  the  pedestal  until  Saturday,  July  29,  1916, 


Ruins  at  Chinon  Where  Joan  Met  Charles  VII. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  25 

when  it  was  placed  in  the  east  side  of  the  base  in  the  axis  of  the 
monument.  The  Cathedral  authorities  are  particular  that  it  shall 
be  known  that  this  is  a  plain  stone  (une  simple  pierre)  and  not  a 
piece  of  sculpture,  as  appears  from  the  following  letters  from  the 
Most  Keverend  Maurice  Landrieux,  Vicar-General  Archpriest  of 
Notre  Dame : 

(Translation) 

Eheims,  October  18,  1915. 

To  the  President  of  the  Committee  of 

Erection  of  the  Statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  at  New  York. 

Mr.  President: 

It  is  a  beautiful  idea,  a  very  delicate  thought,  to  insert  in  the 
pedestal  of  the  monument  which  you  erect  to  Joan  of  Arc,  those 
four  stones  which  recall  the  great  stopping-places  of  her  life — 
Domremy,  Orleans,  Rheims  and  Rouen ! 

Therefore,  notwithstanding  our  purpose  to  gather  with  care  the 
smallest  artistic  fragments  of  our  poor  devastated  cathedral  in 
order  that  none  may  be  lost,  it  is  very  agreeable  to  me  to  be  able 
to  send  to  you,  by  the  agency  of  the  American  consulate,  after 
having  been  authorized  to  do  so,  the  entirely  plain  stone  which 
you  desire,  a  fragment  of  a  little  pillar  broken  very  recently  by  a 
new  bombardment. 

Please  accept,  Mr.  President,  my  very  respectful  sentiments. 

McE.  Landrieux 

V.  g.  Archipr.  de  N.  D. 

If  the  newspapers  niention  this  shipment,  I  would  be  grateful 
to  you  to  see  that  the  expression  ''  a  plain  stone  "  is  always  used, 
in  order  to  protect  us  from  the  exaggerations  of  the  press,  which 
will  soon  speak  of  a  ^'  piece  of  sculpture  "  and  provoke  unpleasant 
protests. 

Other  Mementoes  in  the  Pedestal 

On  December  1,  1915,  a  heavy  copper  box,  hermetically  sealed 
and  containing  the  mementoes  mentioned  hereafter,  was  placed 
in  the  midst  of  the  masonry  of  the  pedestal,  and  on  the  following 
day,  the  cap  stone  of  the  pedestal  having  been  laid,  the  statue  was 
hoisted  and  put  in  place.  The  copper  box,  measuring  6  by  8% 
by  12  inches  in  size,  contained  the  following  objects: 


26  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

A3CEBICA3r   Coi3fS  AJSIt  MeI*AL» 

Five  dolbr  gold  piece  of  1915. 

Silver  doil&T  of  irXj2.* 

Silrer  haM  dollar  of  1915. 

SHrer  quarter  dollar  of  1915. 

Sih-er  dime  of  1915. 

Xidkel  fiTe-eent  piece  of  19:!  5. 

Copper  eent  of  1915. 

EroiLze  medal  commemorating  me  dedication  of  Grant's  toml.. 
1S97. 

Citizen^s    Ccsnmittee  badge    (IjTonjze)    of  the  Hudaon-Fnlton 
C^dH^tio^i,  1909. 

Bronze  medal   of  tiie  Xew  York   Cooimerejal   Tercentenarjr 
'  Tn,  1914, 

r>l^'<;ie  m  mernorr  of  J.  P.  3foreaii-  who  died  in  191:^ 


SilT€T  2  frames,  1915. 
Siker  I'franc,  191.5. 
Sih-er  5CN£a[ktimcs,  1S>15, 

Xieicel^^-  ''14, 

Xiekei  IC-  -14. 

3rkkel5-r>  1914, 

CV/pper  ir  ^,  191^;. 

Copper  5-  1914^. 

Ojipp*^  2-'  :  5, 

Clipper  1-C;,.  -:.-  .  -    -5. 

Hue  Hirer  ^/m»  were  des^xiBBed  l/jr  liotf .  Tfa»e  niekd  ew»i  w«re 
c€  ^u$  Be«r  de$igB  b?^  IjxiAxaer^  §ts^  wimA  m  1914^  wiKb  a  bo^ 
im  dbe  eemter.    Tbe  t/^p^f^^  aoraA  ThaiM  Ihipok. 

J<»B  oif  An^  ixuevial  W  Ikmassc  ^rtM  m  1^§?  and  part  of 

Jr-'   '-'   '-  -  ^... ...    .......  .^^  ijr^  Iryj-i^^^  ^yf  Xapole^^ 

a.at  P  ^i^J^  of  Joaw  of  Are  at 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  27 

Silver  medal  given  by  Congress  to  Wasliington  on  evacuation  of 
Boston.  March  17,  1776,  bv  IhiVivier. 

The  Franco- American  Union  silver  medal  on  the  erwiion  of  tlie 
Statute  of  Liberty  by  Bartholdi  in  Xew  York  HarK^r. 

The  silver  medal  designed  by  Bocte,  sirnck  by  the  French 
Government  in  sympathy  for  the  sutferers  of  the  San  Franciscv* 
earthquake  of  liH^6. 

The  foregoing  coins  and  medals  were  pr^'sented  by  the  French 
Government. 

PRi:jfTEB  BocrMEXTs 

Twentieth  Annual  Report  of  the  American  Scenic  and  Historic 
Preservation  Society  for  the  year  19 15. 

List  of  the  equestrian  statues  of  the  world,  from  the  Eighteenth 
Annu;il  Ke^x^rt  of  the  American  Sc«iic  and  Historic  Preservation 
Svxnety  for  the  year  1913, 

CataU^ue  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Loan  Exhibition  held  in  the 
building  of  the  American  Xumism.^tic  Society,  Xew  York  City, 
from  January  i>  to  Febru,irv  i\  19 lo,  coiitaining  .i^lso  the  pro- 
coevling^  at  the  opening  of  the  exhiHtion. 

Statuts  et  Koglements  du  Jeanne  d'Arc  Home,  lS9o. 

Pullet  in  of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Sciences  and  A:3iliated 
SiXMOties  for  the  week  of  XovemK^r  ^:?,  19  lo. 

Notico  of  the  Mus»cum  of  French  Art^s  Third  (>fficial  Confei^ 
ence  of  the  season,  November  16,  1915, 

Invitation  to  the  dedicatioii  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  statue,  printed 
in  blue, 

Twivjv^^  prv>gram  of  the  exen'ise^  at  thf»  dedicatioti,  printed 
in  black. 

Four-pago  pn^gram  of  the  exercis»es  at  the  dedication  printed  in 
blue, 

Th'r>r^  >^* c-.^>'  .^*"  *'  ""^nuation  aK>ut  the  devlication  for  the 

pn\ss. 

xMSvKirT  DoOrMKNTS 

IxMtor  tror..   \\  x\\;row  Wils^Mi.   *^     -^  *    ^      "         ^   '^        - 

to  l>r,  Gt\>r^^  F.  Kuni^  dattxi  \V   -       ^  ^ 

Loiter  frv><u  Oharlt-^  S,  Whitmjin,  iiovenK>T  of  the  State  of  New 
York,  to  Dr.  Gtvrge  F,  Kuni,  da:    '    \  '  ^'  '  *    '    '' 

Lotter  fn>m  Mi>st  Kovennid  M. 
lV:oVr   IS,   I9ir>,  to  the  Prt^sidont  ot  tiie  J<.\i.u  i\f  Arc  Statue 
iVmmittee.     (See  page  507  prt\x\Htig,> 

Ijotter  frvMu  Ji>im  Oatxiinal  F,^rlev  to  l>r.  Kunx,  dated 
Xew  York,  N  ^       ^         15, 

StHitiment  Keverend  David  H.  Greer,  D,  D., 

Pisho|>  of  Now  \\>rk,  dauxi  November  i?7,  1915, 


28  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Letter  from  L.  d'Arc,  Procureur  de  la  Eepublique,  to  Dr.  Kimz, 
dated  Villeneuve-sur-Lot,  Xovember  1,  1915,  enclosing  print  of 
Jeanne  d'Arc  as  Patron  of  the  hospitals  of  the  Red  Cross  in 
France. 

Letter  from  L.  d'Arc  to  Dr.  Kiinz,  dated  at  Villeneuve-sur-Lot, 
November  8,  1915. 

Sentiment  from  Marcus  M.  Marks,  President  of  the  Borough 
of  Manhattan,  dated  ]^ovember  29,  1915. 

Letter  from  E.  H.  Anderson,  Director  of  the  Xew  York  Public 
Library,  to  Dr.  Kunz,  dated  November  29,  1915,  enclosing  a 
printed  reading  list  of  books  about  Joan  of  Arc. 

Sentiment  from  J.  Sanford  Saltus,  Honorary  President  of  the 
Joan  of  Arc  Committee,  dated  November  30,  1915. 

Sentiment  from  Dr.  George  Frederick  Kunz,  dated  December  1, 
1915. 

Copy  of  address  by  Dr.  George  Frederick  Kunz,  to  be  delivered 
at  the  unveiling  on  December  6,  1915. 

Letter  from  Sister  M.  Clothilde  of  the  Jeanne  d'Arc  Home,  to 
Dr.  Kunz,  dated  November  23,  1915. 

Names  of  the  Officers,  Directors  and  Ladies  of  the  Jeanne  d'Arc 
Home. 

Fairy  Stone 

And  lastly  was  i)ut  in  a  specimen  of  staurolite,  a  peculiar  form 
of  mineral  whose  name  (from  the  Greek  ^'stauros"  meaning 
cross),  is  due  to  the  forming  of  two  crystals  at  right  angles.  This 
specimen  came  from  Patrick  County,  Va.,  where  there  is  a  beauti- 
ful legend  concerning  their  origin.  Dr.  George  Frederick  Kunz, 
in  his  book  entitled  ''  The  Curious  Lore  of  Precious  Stones,"  says 
of  these  crystals: 

''  Near  where  they  are  found  there  wells  up  a  spring  of  limpid 
water  and  the  story  goes  that  one  day,  long,  long  ago,  when  the 
fairies  were  dancing  and  playing  around  this  spring,  an  elfin 
messenger  winged  his  way  through  the  air  and  alighted  among 
them,  lie  bore  to  them  the  sad  tidings  of  the  crucifixion  of  Christ 
in  a  far-oft'  city.  So  mournful  was  his  recital  of  the  sufferings  of 
the  Saviour  that  the  fairies  burst  into  tears,  and  these  fairy  tear- 
drops, as  they  fell  to  earth,  crystallized  into  the  form  of  the  cross. 
These  natural  crosses  are  in  great  demand  as  charms,  and 
ex-President  Poosevelt  is  said  to  wear  one  of  them  mounted  as 
watch  charm." 

This  ''  fairy  stone  "  was  put  in  the  bOx  as  a  symbol  of  the  tears 
shed  for  Joan  of  Arc. 


^  'i 

-     o 

o  f 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  29 

Following  are  the  texts  of  some  of  the  manuscripts  placed  in 
the  copper  box  in  the  pedestal : 

Letter  from  Woodrow  Wilson^  President  of  the  United  States 

The  White  House 
Washington 

:N'ovember  12,  1915. 
My  dear  Dr.  Kunz : 

I  hope  that  on  Monday,  December  the  sixth,  you  will  convey 
to  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee  my  w^armest  congratulations 
upon  the  successful  completion  of  their  work. 

Joan  of  Arc  is  one  of  those  ideal  historic  figures  to  whom  the 
thought  of  patriotic  people  turns  back  for  inspiration.  In  her 
seems  to  have  been  embodied  the  pure  enthusiasm  which  makes 
for  all  that  is  heroic  and  poetic. 

Cordially  and  sincerely  yours, 

Woodrow  Wilson. 
Dr.  George  F.  Kunz, 

Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee, 
New  York  City. 

Letter    from    Charles   S.    Whitman,    Governor    of    the    State    of 

New  York 

State  of  New  Yokk 

Executive  Chamber 

Albany 

November  26,  1915. 
Dr.  George  F.  Kunz, 

President,  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee, 
New  York  City. 

Dear  Dr.  Kunz : 

I  feel  greatly  honored  that  your  Committee  has  asked  me  to 
write  a  letter  to  be  placed  in  the  cornerstone  of  the  pedestal  of 
the  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc,  to  be  dedicated  in  New  York  on 
December  Gth. 

It  is  eminently  fitting  and  proper  that  this  statue  should  be 
erected  in  commemoration  of  the  heroism  and  loyal  patriotism, 
as  well  as  devotion  to  her  religious  faith,  of  one  of  the  most 
conspicuous  characters  in  French  history. 

The  fact  that  this  statue  has  been  erected  in  a  land  so  far 
removed  from  the  scenes  of  her  great  victories,  as  well  as  from  the 


30  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

scene  of  her  martyrdom,  testifies  to  the  love  and  the  admiration 
which  all  peoples  of  all  lands  entertain  for  the  brave  and  the 
good. 

Very  truly  yours, 

Chaeles  S.  Whitman. 

Letter  from  the  Most  Reverend  MauHce  Landrieux  of  Blieims 

A  translation  of  the  text  of  the  letter  from  the  Most  Keverend 
Maurice  Landrieux,  Vicar  General  Archpriest  of  J^otre  Dame 
Cathedral,  at  Rheims,  is  given  on  page  23  preceding. 

Letter  from  His  Eminence  John  Cardinal  Farley,  Archbishop  of 

New  York 

Cardinal's  Residence 

452  Madison  Avenue 

'New  York 

JSTovember  28,  1915. 
Dear  Dr.  Kunz : 

I  congratulate  you  and  the  members  of  your  Committee  on  the 
splendid  site  you  have  secured  for  the  beautiful  statue  of  the 
Blessed  Joan  of  Arc,  a  new  oimament  of  their  city,  for  which  the 
citizens  of  New  York  owe  yourself  and  the  ladies  and  gentlemen 
associated  w^ith  you  a  debt  of  gratitude. 

You  perpetuate  the  memory  of  a  martial  heroine,  an  inspiration 
alike  to  the  people  of  every  race,  not  for  her  conquests,  but  for 
her  simplicity,  her  virtuous  life,  and  her  unselfishly  courageous 
patriotism.  Joan  of  Arc  did  not  liberate  France  of  herself;  she 
was  but  an  instrument  chosen  by  God  for  the  work.  That  she 
deserved  to  be  selected  for  such  a  glorious  mission  is  her  enduring 
fame.     Her  saintly  life  had  prepared  her  for  it. 

May  your  statue  then  teach  true  patriotism ;  patriotism  founded 
on  a  conviction  that  with  Divine  assistance  we  can  vindicate  a 
just  cause  against  any  odds.  May  it  also  teach  us  that  virtue  is 
the  greatest  glory  of  womanhood,  and  must  ever  be  the  basis,  not 
only  of  whatever  high  and  noble  accomplishments  women  may 
hope  to  perform  for  the  city  or  nation,  but  of  whatever  prosperity 
and  happiness  the  nation  may  hope  to  enjoy. 

Faithfully  yours, 

John  Cardinal  Farley, 

Abp.  of  JSI.  Y. 
Dr.  George  F.  Kunz, 

President  of  the  Joan  of  Arc 
Statue  Committee. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  31 

Sentiment   from   Bt.    Rev.    David   II.    Greer,   D.  D.,   Bishop    of 

New  York 

Diocese  of  JSTew  York 

Synod  House 

]Sr.  E.  Cor.  Amsterdam  Avenue  and  llOtli  Street 

iS^ovember  27,  1915. 

Joan  of  Arc  is  a  notable 
example  of  the  supremacy 
of  the  spirit  in  control- 
ling physical  forces. 

David  H.  Greer, 
Bishop  of  [N'ew  York. 

Letters    from    Louis    d'Arc,    Procureur    de    la    Bepuhlique,    of 

Villeneuve-sur-Lotj  to  Dr.  Kunz 

(Translation) 

Villeneuve-sur-Lot 

Xovember  1,  1915. 
Dear  Sir: 

I  have  received  your  telegram  and  your  kind  invitation  to  be 
present  at  the  inauguration  of  your  statue  of  Jeanne  d'x\rc,  and 
represent  there  the  family  of  the  heroine.  You  may  well  believe 
that  I  would  have  been  happy  to  accept  your  generous  offer  and  to 
make  your  acquaintance  under  such  conditions.  I  am  deeply 
touched  by  your  courtesy  toward  me,  and  under  other  circum- 
stances I  w^ould  gladly  have  come  to  you  to  assist  in  the  impressive 
ceremonies  in  honor  of  my  great-aunt,  and  hence  in  honor  of 
France.  Unfortunately  it  is  absolutely  impossible  for  me  to  leave 
France  at  this  moment,  because  of  the  war  with  France. 

I  earnestly  request  that  you  will  lay  aside  for  me  all  printed 
matter  (programs,  speeches,  accounts  of  proceedings)  issued  on 
the  occasion  of  your  celebration,  so  that  I  may  be  able  to  include 
them  in  my  bibliographical  work,  the  printing  of  which  will  be 
completed  after  the  war.  I  trust  that  you  will  kindly  gather  this 
material  together  and  send  it  to  me. 

You  will  soon  receive  a  pamphlet  which  will  shortly  be  issued, 
entitled:  "  Jeanne  d'Arc  et  la  guerre  de  1914,''  wherein  I  have 
been  happy  to  mention  your  demonstrations  in  honor  of  the  heroic 
French  woman. 

Kindly  express  my  gratitude  for  me  to  your  Committee  and 
accept  for  yourself,  my  dear  sir,  the  assurances  of  my  profound  as 
well  as  of  my  lively  sympathy  and  my  most  devoted  sentiments. 

Louis  d'Arc. 


32  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Villeneiive-sur-Lot 

:N'aveml)er  8,  1915. 
Dear  Sir: 

I  have  received  your  last  despatch.  You  are  really  too  kind 
and  your  generous  invitation  deeply  touches  us.  Believe  me  that 
at  any  other  time  we  should  all  have  been  proud  to  he  present 
at  your  beautiful  celebration  in  honor  of  our  great-aunt.  But 
alas!  at  this  moment  all  French  souls  have  such  grave  concerns 
that  they  have  no  other  ideas  than  those  concerning  the  war.  My 
wife  and  my  daughters  direct  or  are  nurses  in  our  hospitals,  and 
could  not,  even  for  a  month,  quit  their  voluntary  task,  which  has 
become  their  sole  concern.  We  have  many  wounded.  My  mother, 
who  is  84  years  old,  could  not  undertake  this  journey  because  of 
her  state  of  health.  We  all  regret  that  the  celebration  falls  just 
under  such  circumstances;  although  it  is  true  that  it  will  be  a 
manifestation  in  favor  of  France  the  more  significant  and  the 
more  important  in  view  of  actual  events.  My  daughters  —  who 
are  three  very  pretty  girls  —  beg  me  to  communicate  to  you  their 
regrets.  All  our  wishes  for  the  most  brilliant  success  of  your 
celebration.  Our  hearts  will  beat  with  yours  on  the  sixth  of 
December. 

With  the  expression  of  my  gratitude,  the  assurance  of  my 
devoted  sentiments. 

L.  d'Arc. 

Sentiment    froyn    Hon.    Marcus    M.    Marks,    President    of    the 
Borough  of  Manhattan 

Municipal  Building 

Xew  York 

11/29/1915. 

For  ideals  we  must  look  to  history.  In  their  own  way  men  and 
women,  later  recognized  as  ideals,  are  viewed  through  the  colored 
glass  of  prejudice,  in  false  perspective. 

Joan  of  Arc,  whose  short  life  of  but  twenty  years  early  in  the 
fifteenth  century  furnishes  a  strong  beacon-light  of  self-sacrificing 
patriotism,  was  cruelly  misjudged  in  her  day  and  bnrned  at  the 
stake  as  an  heretic  and  witch. 

The  world  owes  Joan  of  Arc  everlasting  gratitude  for  raising 
a  new  standard  and  ideal  of  womanhood  through  lier  vision,  her 
courage,  her  energy,  her  nobility  of  purpose,  her  purity  of 
character. 

Standing  on  the  banks  of  our  most  beautiful  river,  may  her 
figure  be  an  inspiration  to  our  people  for  noble  impulses. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  33 

III 

DEDICATIOX  OF  THE  MOXUMEXT 

The  monument  was  dedicated  with  impressive  exercises  on 
Monday,  December  6,  1915,  beginning  at  2  :30  p.  m. 

The  invitation  cards  had  at  the  top  a  representation  of  the 
statue  embossed  in  silver,  and  underneath  it,  in  a  text  similar  to 
to  that  of  the  period  of  Joan  of  Arc,  and  printed  in  blue  ink,  the 
following : 

The  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee 

with  the  cooperation  of  the  Honorable  Cabot  Ward 

President  of  the  Park  Commission  of  the  City  of  New  York 

requests  the  honor  of  your  presence,  with  ladies, 

at  the  unveiling  of  the 

Statue  of  Joan  of  Arc 

on  Riverside  Drive  at  Ninety-third  Street 

on  the  afternoon  of  Monday,  the  sixth  of  December 

One  thousand,  nine  hundred  and  fifteen 

at  half  after  two  o'clock 

Please  send  response  to 
The  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee 
Twenty  West  Thirty-seventh   Street 
City  of  New  York 

The  day  was  partly  cloudy.  Some  fine  flakes  of  snow  fell  during 
the  morning  but  none  in  the  afternoon.  A  brisk  northwest  wind 
blew  in  the  forenoon,  but  it  subsided  to  12  miles  an  hour  at  2  p.  m. 
The  temperature  at  that  time  was  35°  above  zero.  The  weather, 
on  the  whole,  was  favorable  and  there  was  a  large  attendance  of 
men  and  women,  including  prominent  officials  and  leading  citizens. 

A  stand  with  seats  for  two  hundred  persons,  erected  in  front 
of  the  monument  and  facing  it,  accommodated  the  speakers,  prin- 
cipal guests  and  delegates.  About  200  chairs  were  arranged  on 
the  paved  terrace  around  the  monument  and  500  more  on  the 
adjacent  ground.  These  were  all  filled  and  hundreds  of  persons 
stood. 

The  stand  was  artistically  draped  with  a  large  American  flag 
and  with  blue  and  white  bunting,  and  the  rostrum  was  further 
embellished  with  two  shields  bearing  the  d'Arc  family  coat-of- 
arms,  and  with  a  large  floral  piece  in  the  shape  of  a  fleur-de-lys 
made  of  yellow  chrysanthemums.  The  monument  itself  was  deco- 
rated with  a  profusion  of  floral  tril)utes.  Shortly  before  the  hour 
2 


34  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

of  beginning,  Battery  E  of  the  First  Field  Artillery  of  the 
INTational  Guard  of  JSTew  York,  under  command  of  Capt.  John 
T.  Delaney  arrived  and  took  position  on  the  east  side  of  Riverside 
Drive  south  of  the  monument.  Picturesqueness  was  added  to  the 
scene  by  the  presence  of  the  Uniformed  Knights  of  Columbus  as 
a  Guard  of  Honor  in  front  of  the  rostrum,  the  uniformed  band 
of  the  Lafayette  Guards,  and  the  Color  Guard  of  the  latter  holding 
the  "flag  of  the  United  States,  the  flag  of  France,  and  the  flag  of 
the  Lafayette  Guard  in  front  of  the  statue.  Patriotic  airs  were 
played  by  the  band  before  and  after  the  addresses.  The  statue 
was  veiled  with  canvas  covers,  arranged  to  be  released  by  the  pull- 
ing of  a  rope  from  the  rostrum. 

The  formal  exercises  opened  with  the  playing  of  the  American 
National  Anthem,  ''  The  Star  Spangled  Banner,'  by  the  band, 
the  entire  company  standing. 

Address  of  Welcome  hy  George  Frederick  Kunz,  Ph.  D.,  Sc.  D. 
George  Frederick  Kunz,  Ph.  D.,  Sc.  D.,  President  of  the  Joan 
of  Arc  Statue  Committee,  presided  and  delivered  the  following 
address  of  welcome: 

"  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  : 

"  The  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee  and  delegates  from  25 
organizations  have  assembled  here  to-day  to  do  honor  to  a  noble 
woman  and  a  great  country.  Wc  believe  that  this  New  York 
statue,  like  the  great  statue  in  Paris,  will  become  a  Mecca  for 
many  thousand  friends  of  France  and  of  France's  purest  hero. 
Many  of  those  who  come  will  undoubtedly  bring  floral  tributes  to 
place  on  and  around  the  pedestal,  and  these  tokens  of  affection  w^ill 
at  once  grace  the  beautiful  work  of  art  and  help  to  keep  green  the 
memory  of  her  whom  it  portrays. 

"  We  come  here  to-day  not  only  to  honor  Joan  of  Arc,  the  ALiid 
of  Orleans,  the  preserver  of  France,  but  to  honor  Joan  of  Arc,  the 
heroine  of  the  whole  world,  a  symbol  of  valor  and  purity.  After 
500  years,  this  maid,  persecuted,  imprisoned  and  Anally  burned 
at  the  stake,  emerges  to-day  out  of  the  strifes  and  calumnies  of  the 
past  as  one  of  the  grandest  and  purest  figures  of  all  time.  Where 
are  those  who  persecuted  her,  who  compelled  her  to  go  through  her 
great  ordeal,  from  which  her  spirit  came  forth  with  all  the  refined 
purity  of  gold  out  of  the  crucible?  For  her  soul  was  like  a  great 
mass'of  gold  in  its  native  rock.  The  rock  may  be  struck  by  light- 
ning, the  frosts  of  winter  may  rend  it,  avalanches  may  tear  it  from 
its  bed,  it  may  be  cround  in  a  glacial  moraine,  or  worn  by  a  tor- 
rent   and  yet    at  the  end  of  many  thousand  years  it  will  yield  its 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  35 

treasure  of  pure  gold,  unalloyed,  unadulterated,  pure  and  beauti- 
ful as  the  nugget  I  hold  in  my  hand.  The  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc 
and  its  pedestal  rests  upon  a  solid  rock.  This  is  a  glaciated  ridge  of 
the  archasan  rock  which  was  ground  down,  planed  and  smoothed 
by  glacial  action,  ultimately  leading  to  the  formation  of  the  great 
Hudson  River  Valley.  If  minute  vibrations  and  earth  tremors 
can  be  felt,  then  this  statue  should  be  able  to  receive  vibrations 
from  France,  from  China,  from  the  uttermost  parts  of  the  earth, 
because  the  rock  which  underlies  it,  the  deep-laid  foundation  of 
our  great  city,  is  one  of  the  oldest  ridges  in  the  world. 

"  The  erection  of  this  monument  was  not  the  work  of  a  day,  for 
it  was  more  than  six  years  ago  that  this  Committee  was  organized 
for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  the  City 
of  New  York.  It  was  deemed  wise  not  to  proceed  without  a  full 
knowledge  as  to  what  had  been  done  in  the  realms  of  art  to  portray 
the  true  character  of  this  wonderful  woman  and  it  was  determined 
also  to  select  a  sculp; or  who  would  absolutely  assure  us  a  statue 
worthy  of  so  great  and  revered  a  personage. 

'^  In  furtherance  of  this  purpose  to  gather  information  con- 
cerning the  earlier  portrayals  of  the  heroine,  the  Committee 
thought  it  advisable  to  make  a  study  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  art  — 
pictorial,  graphic,  medallic,  architectural,  and  other  forms  —  in 
literature,  and  in  fact  in  every  way  in  which  Joan  of  Arc  has  been 
mentioned  or  has  been  known.  For  this  purpose  we  prepared  a 
collection  of  pictures,  medals,  relics,  etc.,  listed  and  described  in 
in  the  special  Hobby  Club  edition  (limited  to  35  copies)  of  the 
Joan  of  Arc  Exhibition  in  Xew  York,  January  6  to  February  8, 
1913,*  as  follows: 

Pictures 613 

Relics,  autographs,  etc 29 

Photographs  of  Jeanne  d'Arc 64 

Statues  of  Jeanne  d'Arc  described 20 

Medals 234 

Bibliography:  books Yl 

Magazine  articles,  etc (^6 


"  This  exhibition  and  a  study  of  the  known  statues  of  the 
world  showed  us  that  the  armor  which  the  various  sculptors  had 
placed  on  these  statues  was  in  every  instance  incorrect.  These 
errors  have  been  avoided  in  the  present  case,  and  the  acceptance 
of  the  statue  by  the  Department  of  Parks  and  the  endorsement  of 
the  Art  Commission  of  the  City  of  New  York  corroborate  its  artis- 
tic merit  and  accuracy. 

*  There  were  three  editions  of  this  book,  the  regular,  the  Hobby  Club,  and 

the  Museum  of  FnRnch  Art  edition.    8vo. ;  pp.  97;  plates  40.    New  York,  1913, 


36  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

*^  The  statue  has  been  upraised  upon  a  pedestal  of  peculiar 
significance.  Just  as  five  centuries  have  cleared  away  supersti- 
tion and  despotism,  and  have  given  us  light  and  freedom,  so  one 
of  the  dark  corners  of  Joan  of  Arc's  prison  castle  has  recently 
been  brought  to  the  light ;  and  a  mass  of  stone  from  this  castle  has 
been  kept  intact  and  with  its  more  than  500  years  of  age  has  been 
placed  here  to  face  the  rising  sun,  just  as  this  beautiful  statue  of 
Miss  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt,  the  gifted  sculptress,  faces  the  setting 
sun.  And  it  is  most  fitting  that  to  woman's  skill  should  have  been 
entrusted  the  task  of  portraying  the  greatest  and  noblest  woman 
of  France.  The  pedestal,  therefore,  possesses  for  us  a  profound 
and  touching  symbolism,  figuring  the  triumph  of  her  white  soul 
over  the  dark  treachery  and  oppression  which  could  hold  her  body 
captive  but  could  not  enchain  her  indomitable  spirit.  Thus  she 
surmounts  the  prison  rock  to-day  with  drawn  sword,  urging  on 
her  charger  against  the  enemies  of  her  native  land,  to  free  the  fair 
land  of  France  from  the  invader's  grasp.  And  the  memory  of  her 
heroic  deeds  in  the  past  has  become  a  potent  animating  and 
encouraging  force  in  the  storm  and  stress  of  the  present  dark  hour. 

"  By  permission  of  the  Hon.  Cabot  Ward  of  the  Department 
of  Parks,  and  of  Mr.  Carl  Pilat,  Landscape  Architect  of  the 
Department  of  Parks,  this  magnificent  site  has  been  devoted  to  this 
universally  beloved  personage,  and  upon  it  the  ground  was  broken 
for  her  statue  on  Thursday,  the  21st  of  October.  To-day  we  see 
the  fruition  of  our  labors,  and  to  the  dedication  of  the  now  com- 
pleted memorial,  in  behalf  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee, 
I  bid  you  welcome. 

^'  It  would  be  uugratoful  if  we  did  not  say  a  w(n-d  at  this 
moment  about  our  friends  whose  assistance  has  been  so  important, 
and  at  the  same  time  so  unselfish.  First  of  all,  I  must 
mention  our  Honorary  President  Mr.  Saltus,  who  has  aided  us,  not 
only  with  his  financial  support,  but  with  his  untiring  courage  and 
confidence.  We  owe  many  thanks  to  ^lons.  Jeaue  de  Beaurepaire 
for  his  archaeological  work  and  for  his  very  practical  assistance  in 
getting  for  us  the  prison  stone.  Nor  should  we  think  of  forgetting 
Mons.  Louis  d'Arc,  a  descendant  of  the  Arc  family,  for  his  advice 
and  encouragement  in  the  great  undertaking  which  is  now  so  hap- 
pily completed,  and  for  his  very  kindly  expressed  appreciation  of 
our  efforts. 

''  We  also  owe  thanks  to  the  well-known  artists  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Frank  lulwin  Scott  of  Paris.  Mr.  Scott,  besides  being  contributor 
to  the  fund,  spent  many  days  in  research  in  France.  Nor 
do  we  underestimate  the  great  assistance  rendered  by  that 
gifted  architect,  Mr.  Cass  Gilbert,  or  that  of  the  Secretary  of  the 


O    ^ 


O  Xi 

o  -^ 


E=^< 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  37 

Municipal  Art  Commission,  Dr.  John  Quincy  Adams.  We  were 
also  honored  by  the  assistance  and  co-operation  of  Mr.  Carl  F. 
Pilat,  Landscape  Architect  of  the  Department  of  Parks,  whose 
eminent  uncle  did  so  much  to  lay  out  the  parks  of  this  city ;  and 
the  great  talent  of  the  artist  Mr.  Gutzon  Borglum,  the  master  in 
whose  studio  our  eminent  sculptress  Miss  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt 
studied,  and  who  could  not  be  w4th  us  to-day,  but  sent  her  a 
victor's  laurel  wreath  endorsing  the  great  work  she  has  done.  The 
inspiration  of  his  influence  has  undoubtedly  been  a  factor  of  her 
achievement. 

^'  Then  we  must  not  forget  Mr.  Reginald  Pelham  Bolton,  of  the 
Inscriptions  Committee  of  the  American  Scenic  and  Historic 
Preser^^ation  Society,  and  Mr.  Howland  Wood,  Curator  of  the 
American  Xumismatic  Society,  and  many  others  whose  help  has 
been  given  both  directly  or  indirectly  and  who  materially 
assisted  in  making  this  the  auspicious  occasion  it  is." 

Address  and  Invocation  by   the    Very  Rev.   Theophile   Wucher, 

S,  P.  M. 

The  Very  Eev.  Theophile  Wucher,  S.  P.  M.,  pastor  of  the 
French  Church  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul,  delivered  in  French  a  dis- 
course of  which  the  following  is  a  translation : 

"  Blessed  be  God  and  thanks  be  to  Him  who  hath  manifested  in 
the  deeds  and  achievements  of  the  Maid  of  Orleans  the  puissance 
and  power  of  his  arm,  who  hath  realized  moreover  the  words  of  the 
great  Orator  of  Nations,  ^  God  chooseth  that  which  is  not  to  con- 
found that  which  is.' 

''  Thou  wast  not,  Jeanne  of  Domremy,  or  rather  thou  wast 
nothing,  little  peasant  of  the  Vosges;  thou  hadst  nothing,  thou 
knewest  nothing,  and  behold  how  thou  teachest  the  men  of  war 
in  the  profession  which  is  theirs.  Thou  commandest  the  armies 
of  France  and  thou  inspircst  the  King  himself  with  his  resolu- 
tions. Thou  becomest  the  terror  of  the  ancient  enemy  of  our  dear 
country  and  thou  puttest  him  away  from  her  blessed  soil.  Thou 
diest,  and  the  ashes  of  thy  beautiful  body,  burned,  are  thrown  to 
the  four  winds  of  heaven.  After  five  centuries  passed  away,  thou 
dost  rise  again  from  thine  ashes,  more  beautiful,  more  grand, 
more  glorious  than  at  the  coronation  of  Rheims.  The  men  of  the 
Church  who  pronounced  thy  condemnation  are  condemned  in  their 
turn  by  the  Church,  the  head  of  which  has  recently  placed  thee 
among  the  heroic  spirits  who,  by  their  valor,  have  forced  the  doors 
of  the  abode  of  happiness. 

"  To-day,  generous  hearts,  in  a  unanimous  sentiment  of  venera- 
tion devoted  to  thy  memory  and  to  the  people  from  whom  thou 
art  come,  have  piously  converted  the  stones  of  thy  dark  prison 


38  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

into  a  majestic  pedestal  from  which  shines  thy  resplendent  figure 
and  from  which  thou  dost  contemplate  a  country  new  to  thee,  for 
it  rose  above  the  waves  half  a  century  after  thy  martyrdom,  and 
from  which  —  O  indwelling  justice  of  things!  —  thou  dost  hear, 
melodious  to  thine  ears  because  it  chants  thy  praises,  the  tongue 
whose  accents  thou  formerly  didst  execrate. 

^'  The  people  who  shall  henceforth  pass  at  the  foot  of  thine 
image  will  salute  the  three  pure  loves  which  have  made  thee  great : 

''  The  tender  love  of  the  family :  In  going  out  from  the  corona- 
tion of  the  King,  thy  first  w^ords  were :  ^  O,  if  it  were  only  given 
to  me  at  this  time  to  return  to  the  side  of  my  mother,  my  father, 
and  my  brothers  and  sisters  whom  I  love  so  much.' 

"  The  heroic  love  of  country:  When  thou  didst  learn  that  thy 
father  w^ould  place  an  obstacle  in  the  way  of  thy  departure,  thou 
didst  exclaim  in  a  sublime  enthusiasm :  '  Eh,  if  I  had  a  hundred 
fathers  and  a  hundred  mothers,  I  would  leave  all  to  rush  to  the 
defence  of  my  country ! '  This  love  of  country,  Woman-Soldier, 
may  it  fill  the  noble  spirit  of  the  youth  of  this  vast  Kepublic. 

'^  The  love  of  God:  Thou  didst  repeat  without  cessation,  both 
to  thy  soldiers  and  to  thy  judges,  that  thou  hadst  no  other  thought 
and  guidance  than  to  obey  the  commands  of  heaven.  Christian 
martyr,  give  us  to  hear  and  to  follow  the  voice  of  conscience  as 
the  supreme  will  of  God. 

^'  And  although  I  ought  to  remain  silent,  I  cannot.  It  is  asked 
of  us  to  put  aside  from  this  solemnity  the  horrible  spectre  of  war. 
Is  it  possible  in  the  face  of  Jeanne  d'Arc  brandishing  in  the  air 
her  flaming  sword?  I  wish  to  respect  always  the  wdsh  of  those 
who  have  honored  me  with  their  invitation;  but  they  permit  me, 
thy  little  brother  Alsatian,  to  address  thee  a  personal  prayer.  The 
entire  world  has  had  the  joy  and  the  consolation  of  erecting  statues 
to  thee  and  chanting  high  thy  glory.  Alone  the  happiness  has  been 
refused  to  thy  Twin  Sister,  the  affectionate  and  faithful  Alsace. 
She  sings  to  thee  and  prays  to  thee  from  the  bottom  of  her  heart ; 
but  thou,  who  hast  seen  visions,  she  w^ould  that  thou  wouldst 
become  a  vision  to  her.  Leave  then  thy  Bois  Chenu  and  come  with 
me.  I  will  serve  as  thy  guide,  for  thy  mounted  w^arriors  liave 
never  conducted  thee  toward  these  regions.  Let  us  go  toward 
Mirecourt,  let  us  descend  upon  Epinal,  let  us  continue  as  far  as 
Remiremont,  and  there  let  us  climb  the  sides  of  our  dear  moun- 
tains. Behold  thee  on  the  highe?^t  summit  of  our  Vosges,  on  our 
dear  Ballon  d'Alsace.  Stop!  There,  under  the  azure  blue  of 
heaven,  with  the  white  robe  of  the  virgin  and  thy  purple  robe  of 
martyrdom,  thou  wilt  appear  to  Alsace,  astonished  and  quivering 
with  joy,  like  an  immense  tri-colored  flag,  which  bears  in  its 
vast  folds  tlie  radiance,  the  consolation,  the  vivifying  IIopo  of  the 
Redemption,  wished-for,  waitrd-for,  near  at  hand,  everlasting." 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  39 

Presentation  Address  hy  J.  San  ford  Saltus 

Mr.   J.  Sanford  Saltus,  Honorary  President  of  the  Joan  of 

Are  Statue  Committee,  presented  the  monument  to  tlie  City  of 
E'ew  York  in  the  following  words: 

"  Ladies  and  Gentlemen : 

'^  We  are  far  away  in  time  and  place  from  the  Lily  Maid  of 
France,  whose  memory  we  honor  to-day  as  perhaps  the  greatest 
general,  certainly  the  greatest  woman  the  world  has  ever  known. 

''  Far  from  her  native  France,  from  the  France  she  saved,  her 
statue  rests  on  a  base  of  stone  brought  from  her  prison  at  Rouen. 
If  those  old  stones  could  speak,  what  would  they  tell  us  ? 

"  Five  hundred  years  ago,  her  cannon  spoke  at  Orleans.  Here 
in  a  moment  cannon  w^ill  speak  as  her  statue  is  unveiled.  We  can 
say  nothing.     There's  only  the  cannon  for  Joan  of  Arc. 

^'  In  the  name  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee,  I  herewith 
present  this  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  to  the  City  of  Xew  York, 
through  the  Hon.  Cabot  Ward,  President  of  the  Department  of 
Parks  of  the  City  of  Xew  York,  lind  may  it  remain  here  as  long 
as  this  great  city  exists  as  an  emblem  of  good  and  purity  and 
valor.'' 

Unveiling  of  the  Statue 

Mrs.  Thomas  Alva  Edison,  wife  of  the  great  inventor  and  a 
member  of  the  Joan  of  Arc  Statue  Committee,  assisted  by  Miss 
Elizabeth  Handforth  Kunz,  daughter  of  the  President,  and  Miss 
Edwina  Gazzam  Hall,  daughter  of  the  Secretary  of  the  committee, 
then  pulled  the  rope  which  released  the  draperies  of  the  statue 
and  revealed  it  to  the  public  gaze.  At  the  same  time,  the  First 
Field  Artillery  of  the  Xational  Guard  of  Xew  York  fired  a  salute, 
the  band  of  the  Lafayette  Guards  played  the  French  Xational 
Anthem,  the  Marseillaise,  and  the  people  applauded  enthu- 
siastically. 

Acceptance  hy  Hon.  Cabot  Ward 

When  the  enthusiasm  over  the  unveiling  of  the  statue  had  sub- 
sided, Hon.  Cabot  Ward,  President  of  the  Park  Commission  of 
the  City  of  Xew  York,  accepted  the  monument  in  behalf  of  the 
city  as  follows : 

^'  Ladies  and  Gentlemen :  In  the  membership  of  the  Joan  of 
Arc  Statue  Committee  are  found  the  names  of  many  who  have 


40  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

already  performed  distinguished  services.  But  if  the  members  of 
this  Committee  had  rendered  no  other  service  to  the  city  but  this, 
they  would  nevertheless  be  entitled  to  the  everlasting  gratitude  of 
JSTew  York. 

'^  The  parks  of  the  city  and  its  open  spaces  are  very  important 
to  us  all  not  only  as  recreation  places,  where  the  people  may  find 
the  refreshment  they  need  in  order  to  make  them  healthier  and 
better  citizens,  but  they  are  of  tremendous  importance  as  indicat- 
ing the  artistic  value  this  community  places  on  beautiful  things 
and  as  typifying  the  city's  ideals.  Too  often  in  the  past  have 
monuments  been  erected  in  the  parks  w^ithout  due  regard  to  their 
importance  to  New  York,  or  to  their  right  to  occupy  the  city's 
great  centers.  To-day  we  have  in  our  parks  many  so-called  works 
of  art,  unworthy  of  the  city  and  unworthy  of  the  site,  until  New 
York  has  indeed  become  famous  for  some  amazing  statuary. 

"  But  here  we  see  one  of  the  notable  exceptions.  A  splendid 
example  for  the  future  of  a  noble  subject;  a  real  work  of  art; 
a  splendid  ideal,  placed  before  the  citizens  in  a  prominent  place 
amidst  a  beautiful  setting. 

^'  When  this  project  was  started  some  of  our  fellows-citizens  felt 
that  a  statue  of  Joan  of  Arc  in  New  York  City  was  out  of  place 
as  belonging  to  a  far-away  and  distant  age.  They  admitted  that 
Joan  of  Arc  was  perhaps  the  most  heroic  woman's  figure  in  his- 
tory, but  that  too  much  concerning  her  was  visionary  and 
legendary,  and  that  she  had  no  vital  message  to  give  to  our 
historical  background  in  this  country  and  our  present-day 
problems. 

"  To-day,  however,  I  believe  that  none  would  question  for  a 
moment  the  inspiration  and  help  we  can  derive  from  the  presence 
of  this  monument  amongst  us.  This  committee's  work  is  memor- 
able for  they  have  not  stopped  at  accomplishing  their  object  in 
erecting  the  statue,  but  they  have  tremendously  increased  by 
research  and  investigation  the  sum  total  of  our  knowledge  of  the 
Maid  of  Orleans. 

'^  We  are  beginning  to  realize  in  these  days  that  faith  in  God 
and  faith  in  a  great  cause  are  the  foundation  stones  of  the  great 
achievements  of  history. 

'^  But  patriotism  is  not  satisfied  by  the  spoken  word  and  the 
waving  of  a  flag.  From  the  lesson  of  Joan  of  Arc  must  be  learned 
that  patriotism  means  self-sacrifice.  It  means  the  willingness  to 
give  up  material  benefits  for  the  sake  of  the  cause ;  it  means  unsel- 
fishness ;  self-abnegation ;  patience  and  self-sacrifice. 

"  Joan  of  Arc  started  when  her  cause  seemed  to  be  lost  beyond 
repair.  She  persevered  against  conventional  opinion,  and  there 
again  is  a  great  lesson  for  us  in  this  country. 


«1 


^' 


CD    S 

t-i  -u 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  41 

''  lu  these  days  the  expert  is  our  ideaL  We  worship  system 
and  we  are  too  ready  to  turn  in  the  midst  of  a  fight  to  some  other 
proposal  because  it  seems  to  have  popularity  at  the  moment.  We 
attach  too  little  weight  to  the  vision  that  has  a  purpose  and 
enthusiasms  that  are  undying.  We  are  so  satiated  with  material- 
ism that  we  frequently  look  on  the  things  of  the  spirit  as  weaken- 
ing rather  than  strengthening.  We  deify  education  in  the  sense  of 
the  training  of  men's  minds,  and  forget  the  education  of  their 
souls.  We  need  the  example  of  what  has  been  accomplished  by 
faith,  by  those  who  had  a  great  vision  and  believed  in  it. 

^'  It  is  well  that  we  have  here  a  constant  reminder  of  how  empty 
is  all  knowledge  and  system  and  method  without  spirit  and  vision 
to  vivify  it  and  inspire  it.  How  vain  is  statescraft  and  military 
organization  without  patriotism ;  how  futile  is  system  without  high 
purpose  and  consecration  to  service;  how  empty  is  life  without 
faith  and  hope. 

"  Well  may  'New  York  erect  a  statue  to  Joan  of  Arc.  Clear- 
headed and  resolute,  she  was  at  the  same  time  one  of  those  rarest 
examples  in  history  —  a  practical  idealist.  She  saw  visions  wdth 
marvelous  insight  and  indomitable  force  of  purpose.  She  carried 
out  those  high  ideals  to  the  betterment  of  the  people  of  her  times. 

^'  And  so  the  greatest  city  of  the  western  world  has  set  apart 
this  splendid  site  not  only  because  the  memorial  itself  is  beautiful 
and  inspiring  but  because  it  is  destined  for  years  to  come  to  inspire 
and  urge  on  to  greater  efforts  the  sons  and  daughters  of  this  city 
to  serve  its  cause  unselfishly ;  to  devote  themselves  heart  and  soul 
to  the  betterment  of  New  York." 

Congratulations  hy  the  President  of  the  United  States  and  Others 

Edward  Hagaman  Hall,  L.  H.  D.,  the  Secretary  of  the  committee, 
read  copies  of  the  letter  from  the  President  of  the  United  States 
and  other  messages  of  congratulation  and  expressions  of  sentiment 
the  originals  of  which  liad  been  deposited  in  the  pedestal  before  the 
placing  of  the  statue.  (See  pages  20-32  preceding.)  He  also 
communicated  a  verbal  message,  received  by  telephone  from  Mayor 
Mitchel,  expressing  regret  that  illness  prevented  his  presence  in 
person  to  accept  the  monument  in  behalf  of  the  city.  Among  the 
messages  received  by  telegraph  on  the  day  of  the  dedication  was 
one  of  ^'  hearty  congratulation  "  from  Mr.  Frank  Edwin  Scott  of 
Paris,  and  the  following: 


42  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

University  of  Manitoba, 
Manitoba,  Winnipeg, 
December  6,  1915. 
George  Frederick  Kunz, 
JSTew  York. 

The  recently  founded  Alliance  Frangaise  of  Winnipeg  congTatu- 
lates  you  on  the  superb  idea  of  dedicating  on  American  soil  a 
statue  to  the  memory  of  Joan  of  Arc,  the  saintly  heroine  of 
France.  In  the  fifteenth  century  the  Maid  of  Doniremy  rallied 
France  under  the  banner  of  a  pure  patriotism  of  an  unsullied 
idealism.  May  her  memory  hearten  the  Frenchmen  of  to-day  in 
their  heroic  struggle  against  the  shameless  barbarism. 

William  Frederick  Osbori^, 

President  of  the  Alliance  Frangaise 

of  Winnipeg 

Address  by  His  Excellency,  Jean  J.  Jusserand 

His  Excellency  the  French  Ambassador  to  the  United  States, 
Mons.  Jean  J.  Jusserand,  then  spoke  as  follows: 

^^  On  this  land,  the  very  existence  of  which  was  unsuspected 
at  the  time  she  lived,  a  statue  has  been  raised  to  the  greatest  and 
most  admirable  of  French  women,  Joan  of  Arc. 

''  In  this  land  where  material  progress  may  veil  to  the  casual 
observer  some  of  the  invisible  forces  leading  the  nation,  one  of 
the  most  powerful  of  these  is  sentiment. 

'^  Five  centuries  separate  us  from  the  events  which  we  now 
commemorate;  the  country  where  they  took  place  is  divided  from 
this  one  by  the  ocean;  and  wann-hearted  Americans,  Dr.  Kunz, 
Mr.  Saltus,  their  numerous  friends  and  helpers,  have  considered 
that  the  image  of  the  deliverer  of  France  should  be  raised  on  these 
shores,  here  to  remain  forever,  as  an  emblem  and  an  inspiration, 
so  that  the  teachings  of  her  life  may  influence  generation  after 
generation  of  American  citizens.  In  this  as  in  many  other  recent 
cases  which  will  long  be  remembered  in  France,  they  obey  a 
sentiment. 

''  France,  the  oldest  organized  country  in  Europe  if  centuries 
arc  counted,  the  youngest  perhaps  if  one  considers  her  spirit  and 
aptitude  to  enthusiasm,  has  known  more  than  once  the  summit  of 
prosperity  and  the  abyss  of  misery,  ever  surviving  and  destined 
ever  to  survive:     (icillia  perennis. 

'^  At  no  time,  in  the  course  of  her  long  history,  were  her  pros- 
pects so  dark  as  in  the  early  days  of  the  year  1429,  with  a  weak 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  43 

and  worthless  king,  the  son  of  a  mad  predecessor,  disinherited  by 
his  father,  surrounded  by  a  few  great  nobles  whose  chief  business 
was  to  injure  one  another,  the  people  aimless  and  confused,  many 
among  them  siding  with  an  enemy  that  was  partly  French,  whose 
king  was  of  French  blood,  having  with  ours  a  long  line  of  common 
ancestors. 

'' Xo  resistance,  no  patriotism,  no  faith,  a  universal  yielding; 
men  yielding  to  their  passions,  their  ambitions,  their  fears ;  most 
of  the  territory,  its  chief  ports  and  cities  in  the  hands  of  the 
foe ;  anarchy  everywhere,  on  the  soil  and  in  the  hearts,  a  decadent 
nation  if  ever  there  was  one. 

'^  Less  than  a  year  later,  a  change  had  taken  place  such  as  the 
world  never  saw.  The  national  feeling  which  had  had  but  a 
dormant  existence  had  been  aroused  never  to  fade  again;  the 
invincible  enemy  had  been  vanquished,  the  weakling  sovereign, 
doubting  his  own  rights,  living  in  fear,  with  no  troops,  no  crown, 
no  will,  had  become  a  real  king,  anointed  in  that  august  cathedral 
of  Rheims,  which  no  hand  has  been  so  sacrilegious  as  to  deface, 
in  the  course  of  its  millenial  existence,  until  the  present  day. 
The  nation  has  become  one  with  a  single  purpose,  it  can  fight  and 
win  the  fight;  it  has  faith. 

"  A  child  has  done  it.  What  had  been  impossible  for  the  scion 
of  the  Capetian  race,  his  nobles,  his  doctors,  for  all  the  favorites 
of  fortune,  has  been  done  in  a  few  weeks  by  a  country  maid.  Xo 
greater  miracle  was  ever  seen. 

''  Joan  had  reached  Chinon,  with  six  soldiers,  on  the  23rd  of 
February,  1429 ;  she  relieved  Orleans  in  May,  won  the  battle  of 
Patay  in  Jime,  had  the  king  cro^^med  in  July,  in  the  presence  of 
his  nobles  and  prelates,  in  the  presence  also  of  the  humble 
peasants,  the  father  and  mother  of  the  deliverer  of  France. 

''  An  extraordinary  awakening.  The  heartless,  to  be  sure,  con- 
tinued heartless  —  that  is  the  deficiency  which  nothing  can  cure. 
But  the  mass  of  the  nation  stood  up ;  the  common  people  saw  in 
that  woman  from  their  midst  a  God-given  leader,  one  more 
national  saint.  Men  of  rank  enlisted  as  privates  in  her  army  from 
wdiich,  long  before  puritanical  times,  debauchery,  blasphemy, 
looting  were  excluded :  When  the  daughter  of  James  d'Arc  and 
Isabella  Rommee  assumed  the  leading  of  an  army,  equality  began. 
Old  Christine  de  Pisan,  retired  in  a  convent,  took  up  her  pen  again 
and  sang  of  the  new  heroine.  The  long  night  is  finished :  '  In  the 
year  1429  the  sun  began  to  shine  again.' 

"  L'an  mil  quatre  cens  vingt  et  neuf 
Reprit  a  luire  le  soleil. 

"  A  few  weeks  more,  and  for  the  deliverer,  the  peerless  being, 
the  saint,  all  is  anguish  and  torture;  for  her,  defeat,  prison,  the 


44  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

indifference  of  her  king^  endless  interrogatories  worse  than  the 
rack ;  lier  Voices  have  become  silent. 

"  She  heard  them  once  more  speaking  words  of  comfort :  the 
deliverer  would  be  delivered.  She  was,  but  by  Death.  She  was, 
and  now  the  stones  of  her  prison  have  become  by  your  will  the 
pedestal  of  her  statue.  From  the  pyre  at  Rouen,  her  spirit  rose 
and  still  watches  over  the  country  which  she  saved,  continuing 
the  tradition  of  those  other  French  saints,  kings  or  shepherds, 
kings  like  Saint  Louis,  shepherds  like  Saint  Genevieve,  patroness 
of  Paris  who,  at  the  time  of  the  city's  gTeatest  danger,  when  it 
was  near  falling  a  prey  to  the  enemy,  prophesied  that  Attila  would 
not  reach  it,  but  turn  towards  the  plains  of  the  Mame  there  to  be 
defeated ;  and  so  it  was ;  so  it  has  been. 

''  The  consequences  of  what  Joan  of  Arc  did  are  still  lasting. 
At  a  supreme  hour,  when  all  the  rest  failed,  leadership  had  been 
assumed  by  the  people  represented  by  Joan  of  Arc.  She  gave  the 
nation  the  sense  of  what  it  was ;  for  a  few  months,  and  never  again 
until  the  Revolution,  the  people  led  the  country.  The  thought 
of  the  Sovereign  was  uppermost  in  Joan's  mind,  but  for  her  the 
King  was  France  itself.  He  was  for  her  what  the  flag  is  for  us, 
the  emblem  of  the  nation,  and  no  one  pays  attention  to  the  stuff 
it  is  made  of. 

'^  Iso  wonder  that,  to  worship  her,  there  is  unanimity  in  France  ; 
the  cult  of  Joan  of  Arc  is  one  which  our  Revolution  left  untouched. 
In  the  year  XI  of  the  Republic,  the  Municipal  Council  of  Orleans 
decided  that  a  monument  should  be  raised  to  the  Maid.  The  First 
Consul,  Bonaparte,  ^\Tote  on  the  margin  of  the  resolution:  ^I 
approve  with  delight.  The  illustrious  Joan  of  Arc  has  shown  that 
there  is  no  miracle  that  French  genius  cannot  perfonn  when 
national  independence  is  threatened.  United,  the  French  nation 
has  never  been  vanquished.' 

''  The  former  enemy,  now  for  over  a  century  a  trusted  friend  of 
France,  an  admired  one,  a  greater  friend  every  day,  vies  with  us 
in  veneration  for  the  Maid. 

^'  As  for  you,  Americans,  this  statue,  the  noble  work  of  an 
American  maiden,  appropriately  recalls  the  similitude  of  what 
both  our  countries  cherish  in  this  world.  Speaking  the  other  day 
in  this  city,  your  President,  with  no  thought  to  be  sure  of  Joan  of 
Arc  in  his  mind,  tlius  defined  your  ideal: 

"  '  Our  principles  arc  well  known.  We  believe  in  political  liberty  .  .  . 
the  liberty  of  men  and  of  peoples  —  of  men  to  choose  their  own  lives  and  of 
peoples  to  choose  their  own  allegiances.  Our  ambition  is  to  be  the  friend  and 
thoughtful  partisan  of  those  who  are  free  or  who  desire  freedom  the  world 
over.' 


Chateau  de  Rouen,  France. 
Remains  of  staircase  turret  from  which  stones  were  taken  in  1914  for  pedestal  of 
Joan  of  Arc  statue  in  New  York  in  advanced  stage  of  excavation.     Donjon  tower 
in  background. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  45 

'^  This  happens  to  define  what  had  been  Joan  of  Arc's  chief 
aim:  that  each  nation  be  free  to  develop  unhampered  its  own 
destiny  on  its  owm  soil. 

''  For  what  you  have  done,  American  friends,  I  offer  you  the 
thanks  of  France,  brought  nearer  to  you  by  your  sentiments,  of 
France  for  whom,  more  than  ever  at  this  day,  the  name  of  Joan 
of  Arc  is  sacred,  for  that  name  means  self  abnegation,  it  means 
fortitude,  it  means  victory." 

Decoration  of  Mr.  Saltus  and  Miss  Hyatt 

The  French  Ambassador  then  turned  to  Mr.  J.  Sanford  Saltus, 
Honorary  President  of  the  Committee,  who  sat  near  him,  and 
with  a  few  graceful  words  expressing  appreciation  of  what  Mr. 
Saltus  had  done  to  encourage  French  art  and  letters  and  knowl- 
edge of  French  history,  conferred  upon  him,  in  the  name  of  the 
French  government,  the  cross  of  Chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honor. 

He  then  turned  to  Miss  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt,  the  sculptress,  and 
in  the  name  of  his  government  bestowed  upon  her  the  decoration 
of  Officer  of  Public  Instruction. 

Address  hy  Eohert  W.  de  Forest,  LL.  D. 

Robert  W.  de  Forest,  LL.  D.,  President  of  the  Art  Commission 
of  the  City  of  Xew  York,  and  also  of  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of 
Art,  spoke  as  follows : 

''  Ladies  and  Gentlemen :  It  is  not  without  significance  that 
in  dedicating  this  statue  to  the  memory  of  an  heroic  woman  we 
should  hesitate  whether  to  call  her  '  Joan  of  Arc  '  or  '  Jeanne 
d'Arc '  If  we  were  dedicating  it  in  the  land  of  Schiller,  as  well 
might  be,  we  would  be  speaking  of  her  as  the  '  Jungfrau 
von  Orleans.'     She  stands  for  more  than  a  mere  heroine  of  France. 

"  The  mother  of  our  Lord  was  a  Jewess.  But  no  one  in  the 
Christian  world  now  thinks  of  her  as  belonging  to  any  particular 
race.  To  the  art  of  Bellini  and  Raphael  she  is  an  Italian  mother. 
To  the  art  of  Van  Eyck  and  Memling  she  is  a  Flemish  maiden. 
To  the  art  of  Durer  and  Holbein  she  is  a  German  jungfrau.  To 
us  she  represents  the  eternal  mother  —  the  mother  that  yearns 
over  her  children  and  to  whom  they  turn  for  a  mother's  love  and 
protection.  Such  motherhood  is  of  every  countrv-  and  of  every 
people. 

"  So  it  is  with  Jeanne  d'Arc.  She  is  to  us  the  embodiment  of 
woman's    devotion    to    her   country's    cause  —  a 'devotion    which 


46  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

knows  no  nation's  bonds.  We  see  her  here  in  proud  panoply  of 
armor,  striving  with  foes  w^ithout.  We  can  see  her  in  our  Art 
Museum  in  humble  peasant  garb,  striving  only  with  foes  within. 
But  whether  we  see  her  here  as  portrayed  in  Miss  Hyatt's  noble 
statue  or  there  as  in  the  masterpiece  of  Bastien  Le  Page,  our 
thought  rests  not  on  her  elaborate  armor  nor  on  her  simple  dress 
but  on  the  sublime  devotion  of  her  mien. 

'^  Within  the  week  which  preceded  the  outbreak  of  this  appalling 
war,  under  the  shadow  of  which  we  meet  to-day,  I  stood  beside  the 
statue  of  Jeanne  d'Arc  which  has  been  placed  in  front  of  the 
Cathedral  of  Rheims.  I  looked  over  to  the  rows  of  gothic  saints 
which  then  adorned  its  portals.  I  looked  through  those  portals 
to  the  jeweled  glass  which  then  illuminated  its  aisles.  It  was 
through  these  portals  that  Jeanne  d'Arc  marched  in  victory  to 
crown  her  King.  It  was  that  stained  glass  which  was  reflected 
upon  her  white  robe  as  she  knelt  at  the  altar. 

"  Those  gothic  saints,  that  jeweled  glass,  are  no  more.  But 
Jeanne  d'Arc  still  sits  on  her  charger,  calm  and  erect,  untouched 
by  the  ruins  which  surround  her.  May  it  not  be  a  happy  sign, 
a  hopeful  omen,  that  whatever  else  may  pass  away,  woman's 
devotion  remains  indestructible,  eternal,  to  inspire  us  to  new  effort 
even  out  of  the  depths  of  despair  and  to  bring  us  victory  even  when 
our  cause  has  seemed  lost  ?  " 

Address  hy  Hon,  McDougall  Hawhes 

Hon.  McDougall  Hawkes,  President  of  the  Museum  of  French 
Art  of  rinstitut  Frangais  aux  Etats  Unis,  Commissioner  of 
Bridges  and  Tunnels  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  formerly  Com- 
missioner of  Docks  and  Ferries  of  the  City  of  Xew  York,  spoke  of 
Joan  of  Arc  as  typifying  the  spirit  of  France.     He  said : 

''  Your  Excellency :  We  are  assembled  to  do  honor  to  one  of 
the  greatest  characters  known  to  history.  Five  centuries  ago, 
Joan  of  Arc  by  her  youthful  enthusiasm  aroused  a  spirit  which 
repelled  the  invader  from  her  country.  While  to  France  may 
justly  be  allowed  the  priceless  privilege  of  naming  her  as  her 
own,  yet  to  the  world  at  large  must  be  conceded  the  right  of 
cherishing  her  memory. 

''  Thousands  of  miles  from  the  land  where  the  peasant  girl  of 
Lorraine  fought  and  gave  lier  life  for  her  mother-country,  a 
people,  speaking  a  different  language,  unite  to  render  her  homage, 
for  what  she  accomplished  was  altogether  beyond  the  realm  of 
local  and  material  success.  Slie  kindled,  through  faith  in  her 
mission  and  by  her  loyalty,  the  fire  of  liberty  which  brought  forth 
the  modern  conception  of  nationality. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  47 

''  Patriotic  citizens  of  the  United  States  may  properly  feel  that 
they  owe  her  a  public  debt  of  gratitude;  for  she  stands  as  the 
embodiment  in  modern  times  of  inspired  devotion  and  self- 
sacrifice  and  as  such  the  church  has  beatified  her.  But  she  stands 
also  as  the  symbol  of  the  true  spirit  of  her  mother-country,  for  she 
infused  a  different  soul  into  the  body  of  mediaeval  France  torn  by 
sectional  differences. 

"  When  the  project  of  this  statue  was  initiated  some  six  years 
ago,  it  would  have  been  impossible  to  realize  the  peculiar 
appropriateness  which  would  attend  its  consummation.  France, 
the  mother  of  Joan  of  Arc,  is  battling  to-day  for  the  liberty  of 
the  world,  as  the  daughter  fought  in  her  time  for  the  liberty  of 
her  country. 

"  Your  Excellency,  this  noble  work  in  sculpture  will  remain  for 
years  to  come  as  a  tribute  in  the  metropolis  of  the  Western  Hemi- 
sphere to  the  greatness  of  your  nation  in  the  modern  peril.  Clear 
cut  and  firm  this  statue  stands  here  to  testify  to  the  admiration 
which  the  citizens  of  a  sister  republic  feel  for  the  spirit  of 
France  —  a  spirit  which  breathes  not  only  patriotism  —  that  is 
the  love  of  one's  own  country  —  but  an  even  greater  quality,  the 
readiness  to  sacrifice  one's  flesh  and  blood  in  defence  of  the  liberty 
to  which  humanity,  from  its  very  existence,  ever  has  an  inherent 
right. 

"  Mr.  Saltus,  Dr.  Kunz :  Our  citizens  thank  you  for  the  oppor- 
tunity which  you  have  afforded  them  to  share  in  this  expression 
of  sympathy  and  affection  for  France,  represented  on  this  occasion 
by  our  distinguished  guest,  Mr.  Jusserand." 

Address  hy  Prof.  Louis  Delamarre 

Prof.  Louis  Delamarre,  Secretary  General  of  the  Federation  de 
V  Alliance  Frangaise  aux  Etats  Unis,  delivered  an  address  in 
French,  of  which  the  following  is  a  translation: 

^'  Ladies  and  Gentlemen :  In  Joan  of  Arc  has  been  celebrated 
the  heroine,  the  saint,  the  warrior,  the  Frenchwoman,  the  incarna- 
tion of  the  spirit  of  France.  It  only  remains  to  the  Federation 
de  I'Alliance  Frangaise,  whose  mission  is  to  propagate  in  this 
country  the  diffusion  of  the  literature,  arts  and  history  of  France, 
to  salute  her  as  the  Inspirer  of  Letters  and  of  Arts. 

"  All  epochs  have  had  their  favorite  heroes,  legendary  or 
historical,  whom  the  litterateur  has  exploited  and  who,  ere  long, 
the  attraction  of  the  temporary  novelty  vanished,  have  been  buried 
in  oblivion.  Joan  of  Arc  differs  from  the  common  sort.  She 
made  an  exception  to  the  fatal  law  which  limits  unmercifully  the 
duration  of  popularity.     Without  any  interruption,  for  476  years 


48  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

beginning  eight  years  after  her  death,  she  has  not  ceased  to  haunt 
the  mind  of  our  writers.  From  century  to  century,  tragedy  has 
clothed  her  in  the  attitude  of  the  classic  heroes;  epic  poem  has 
recounted  her  incomparable  achievements;  history  has  searched 
her  life  and  discussed  her  legend ;  eloquence  has  exalted  her  virtues 
and  her  high  deeds;  lyric  poesy  has  bewailed  the  sadness  and 
injustice  of  her  death.  And  all  this  legion  of  dramatists,  poets 
and  historians,  whose  names  I  have  not  time  to  mention,  Avould 
have  been  able  to  say,  with  more  reason  than  Victor  Hugo,  speak- 
ing of  Napoleon: 

"  '  His  stately  image  ceaselessly  disturbs  my  thought 

The  breath  creative  pours  he  forth  into  my  breast. 

I  tremble;  words  at  once  within  my  mouth  abound, 

When  his  gigantic  name,  with  halos  girt  around. 
In  all  its  majesty  is  in  my  verses  dressed.' 

'^  Artists  have  suffered  the  same  seduction  as  the  litterateurs. 
This  model  attracts  them;  this  figure  of  woman  and  warrior 
impresses  itself  upon  them.  At  the  time  of  our  exposition  of 
Joan  of  Arc  two  years  ago  we  contemplated  with  an  admiration 
mixed  with  surprise  this  multitude  of  artistic  works  which  have 
followed  since  the  fifteenth  century,  rivaling  each  other  in  finesse, 
exactitude  and  grace.  Scarcely  was  Joan  of  Arc  dead  when  her 
image  appeared  on  tapestries  flowered  with  crowns  and  lilies,  in 
the  pictures  of  painters  of  France  and  Flanders  —  and  this 
tradition  is  still  maintained,  inasmuch  as  at  the  Palace  of  France 
at  San  Francisco,  one  was  able  to  admire  four  tapestries  after  the 
designs  of  Jean  Paul  J^aurens  recounting  the  life  of  our  heroine. 
In  the  churches  and  upon  the  public  places  of  France,  at  Paris, 
Rouen,  Domremy,  Orleans,  and  in  a  hundred  other  cities,  bas- 
reliefs  and  statues  represent  Joan  in  poses  which  symbolize  the 
various  aspects  of  her  existence  and  the  mystery  of  her  mission. 
The  engraver  has  traced  her  lineaments  on  wood,  stone  and  metal. 
Thanks  to  the  artists,  one  is  able  to  say  that  there  is  not  in  the 
history  of  France  a  single  personage  who  has  been  so  often  placed 
before  the  admiration  of  the  people  by  statuary,  painting,  engrav- 
ing, design  or  popular  imagery. 

''  It  only  remains  then,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  for  the  Alliance 
FrauQaise  to  add  to  all  the  homages  rendered  to  Joan  of  Arc  its 
tribute  of  gratitude  to  the  humble  shepherdess  who  led  the  armies 
of  France  to  victory,  for  having  inspired  in  addition  our  lit- 
terateurs and  artists  to  so  manv  beautiful  works." 


Stones  from  the  Chateau  de  Rouen,  loaded  at  Rouen,  France,  for  Ship- 
ment TO  New  York,  for  Pedestal  of  Joan  of  Arc  Statue. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue,  New  York. 
Micrograph  of  Stone  from  Chateau  de  Rouen. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  49 

Address  hy  J.  Alden  Weir 

Mr.  J.  Alden  Weir,  President  of  tlie  National  Academy  of 
Design,  spoke  as  follows: 

"  Ladies  and  Gentlemen :  In  the  dedication  of  this  equestrian 
statue  of  Joan  of  Arc,  we,  as  Americans,  voice  our  appreciation 
of  the  time  when  France  stood  by  us  in  our  hour  of  need. 

''  This  statue  records  an  episode  in  the  history  of  the  French 
nation  worthy  to  be  commemorated  here  in  our  land.  In 
accepting  this  addition  to  the  City  of  Xew  York  which  has  been  so 
graciously  presented  by  some  of  our  fellow-citizens,  we  recognize 
our  indebtedness  to  them  and  our  friendship  for  France.  It  is 
with  great  pleasure  I  congratulate  Miss  Hyatt  wdio  has  produced 
this  fine  statue,  that  it  will  be  not  alone  an  ornament  to  our  city 
but  also  a  work  of  art  worthy  of  it. 

''  Joan  of  Arc,  the  Inspired  Maid  of  Domremy,  in  Lorraine, 
France,  was  but  in  her  fifteenth  year  when  she  saw  the  vision 
of  St.  Michael  and  St.  Catherine.  She  who  saw  visions  and 
dreamed  dreams  was  but  a  child,  yet  those  visions  were  never 
effaced  from  her  memory.  Discouragements  and  reverses  never 
caused  her  to  waver  in  Avhat  she  believed  to  be  her  duty.  With 
those  inspired  visions,  she  felt  herself  called,  and  in  her  ardor, 
rallied  the  armies  of  her  country.  Thus  did  success  crown  her 
eifort. 

^^  The  history  of  Joan  of  Arc,  the  Maid  of  Orleans,  we  all 
admire,  and  it  should  stimulate  the  people  of  this  metropolis  to 
ponder  and  realize  the  sacrifices  that  are  made  by  many,  who  in 
peace  as  well  as  w^ar,  have  devoted  their  lives  unselfishly  to  noble 
deeds,  for  the  benefit  of  humanity  and  for  their  country's  good." 

Benediction  hy  Mgr.  Michael  J.  Lavelle,  LL.  D. 

The  benediction  was  pronounced  by  the  Most  Rev.  ^lonsignor 
Michael  J.  Lavelle,  LL.  D.,  representing  His  Eminence  John 
Cardinal  Farley;  and  the  ceremonies  closed  witli  the  playing 
of  ''  America  "'  hy  the  l)and. 

Official  Delegations 

Following  is  a  li^^t  of  the  delegates  to  the  ceremonies  appointed 
by  the  leading  historical,  art  and  patriotic  organizations  of  Xew 
York : 

American  Scenic  and  Historic  Preservation  Society:  George 
Frederick  Kunz,  Ph.  D.,  Sc.  D.,  Edward  D.  Adams,  LL.D., 
Reginald  P.  Bolton,  Col.  Henry  W.  Sackett. 


50  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Alliance  Frangaise  de  Xew  Yorh:  Prof.  Charles  A.  Downer, 
Prof.  Daniel  Jordan,  Stnyvesant  Wainright,  Rene  Wildenstein. 

American  Xnmismatic  Society:  Archer  ]M.  Huntington, 
Litt.  D.,  Edward  T.  :N'ewell,  John  Reilly,  Jr.,  Elliott  Smith. 

Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution:  3Irs.  William  Gum- 
ming Story,  Mrs.  Simon  Barucli,  !Miss  Elorence  G.  Finch,  Mrs. 
Livingston  Rowe  Schuyler. 

Daughters  of  the  Cincinnati:  Miss  Julia  Ghester  Wells,  Miss 
Annie  Glarkson. 

Daughters  of  the  Eevolution:  Mrs.  Everett  M.  Ravnor,  Mrs. 
Oliver  R.  Brandt,  :\rrs.  Harry  Lilly,  Mrs.  Lillian  G.  Miller. 

Federation  d' Alliance  Fixingaise  aux  Etats-Unis:  Prof.  Louis 
Delamarre,  Alexander  T.  Mason,  T.  Tile^^ton  Wells,  Prof.  Bert  E. 
Young. 

Fine  Arts  Federation:  Lion.  Francis  G.  Jones,  Hon.  Herhert 
Adams,  Prof.  Friedrich  Dielman,  Richard  H.  Hunt. 

France- America  Committee:  A.  Barton  Llephurn,  LL.D., 
D.  C.  L.,  F.  Gunliffe-Owen,  Paul  Fuller,  Jr.,  Edward  Robinson, 
LL.D.,  Litt.  D. 

Jeanne  d'Arc  Home:  Very  Rev.  Theophile  Wucher,  D.  D., 
Sister  Superior  M.  Glotilde,  Ladies  of  the  Home. 

Knights  of  Columbus:  ^lajor  William  J.  Gostigan,  Gapt. 
William  H.  Patton,  Lieut.  John  Joseph  Lord,  and  Detail  in 
L^niform. 

Lafayette  Guards:    Gaptain  A.  Blum  and  Golor  Guard. 

Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art:  Robert  W.  de  Forest,  LL.D., 
Edward  D.  Adams,  LL.D.,  George  Blumonthal,  Daniel  G.  French, 
Litt.  D. 

Museum  of  French  Art,  Institut  Fra)ic(ns  aux  Etats-Unis: 
Hon.  McDougall  Hawkes,  Thomas  Iliiiihcs  Kelly,  (Jeorge  X. 
Miller,  .M.  D.,  Edward  T.  Newell. 

National  Academy  of  Design:  J.  AldcMi  Weir,  Hon.  Edwin  H. 
Blashfield,  Kenyon  "Cox,  Litt.  D.,  Daniel  G.   French,  Litt.  D. 

National  Sculpture  Society:  Hon.  Herbert  Adams,  Robert 
Aitkin,  Miss  Janet  Scudder,  Lloyd  Warren. 

New  York  Historical  Society:  John  A.  Weekes,  James  Bene- 
dict, Gapt.  Richard  H.  Greene,  llohvvt  H.  Kelby. 

Soriftf's  des  Architcctes  Dipiomfs  par  Ir  (iouvcrnemcnt:  Joseph 
II.  Kreedlander,  Ghester  II.  Aldrich,  Howard  Greenly,  John 
Oakman. 


Joan  of ^ Arc  Statue  51 

Societe  Nationale  des  Professeurs  Frangais:  Prof.  Auguste 
George,  Prof.  Adolph  Colin,  Prof.  Daniel  Jordan,  Prof.  Paul 
de  Monthule. 

Society  of  Beaux  Arts  Architectes :  Henry  Hornbostel,  William 
Lawrence  Bottomley,  Llojd  Warren,  Benjamin  Wistar  Morris. 

Society  of  the  War  of  1812:  Asa  Bird  Gardiner,  LL.D., 
L.H.D.,  Gen.  William  G.  Bates,  John  Ross  Delafield,  Hon. 
Charles  H.  Sherrill. 

Sons  of  the  American  Revolution :  Louis  Annin  Ames,  John  H. 
Burroughs,  Capt.  Charles  A.  Du  Bois,  Rev.  Frank  O.  Hall,  D.  D. 

Sons  of  the  Revolution:  Gen.  Robert  Olyphant,  Edmund  Wet- 
more,  Henry  Russell  Drowne,  Clarence  Winthrop  Bowen,  Walter 
C.  Hubbard. 

United  States  Daughters  of  1812:  Mrs.  William  Gerry  Slade, 
Mrs.  John  T.  Van-Sickle,  Mrs.  George  B.  Wallis,  Mrs.  William 
Guthrie  Winder. 

Veteran  Artillery  Corps:  Asa  Bird  Gardiner,  LL.D.,  L.LI.D., 
Benjamin  R.  Loomis,  Chandler  Smith,  Walter  Lispenard  Suydam. 

The  Chamber  of  Deputies  of  France  was  represented  by 
Monsieur  Maurice  Damour,  of  the  Landes,  Secretary  of  the 
Budget  Committee  of  the  Chamber. 

The  Fifteen  Fquestrian  Statues  of  the  Maid 

In  1U13  the  American  Scenic  and  Historic  Preservation  Society 
published  a  list  of  all  the  equestrian  statues  in  the  world  and 
found  that  they  numbered  675  at  that  time.  Fourteen  were  of 
Joan  of  Arc.  Of  the  latter,  thirteen  were  in  France  and  one  —  a 
replica  of  one  in  Paris  l>y  Fremiet  —  in  Philadelphia,  Penn. 
There  are  numerous  statues  of  Joan  of  Arc  not  equestrian.  Miss 
Hyatt's  is  the  second  equestrian  statue  of  the  Maid  to  be  erected 
in  the  United  States. 

The  equestrian  statues  of  Joan  of  Arc  are   at  the  following 

places : 

Ballon  d' Alsace  by  unknown  sculptor 
Chinon,  by  Jules  Pierre  Roulleau 
Mirecourt,  by  Emmanuel  Fremiet 
Montebourg,  by  unknown  sculptor 
Nancy,  by  Emmanuel  Fremiet 
Xantes,  by  Charles  Auguste  Lebourg 


52  Joan  of  Arc  Statue 

Orleans,  (Bishopric  Garden)  by  Armand  le  Veel 

Orleans  (Place  dii  Martroi)  by  Denis  Foyatier 

Paris  (Church  of  St.  Augustin)  by  Paul  Dubois'^ 

Paris  (Pantheon)  by  Paul  Dubois^" 

Paris  (Place  des  Pyramides)  by  Emmanuel  Fremiet 

Rheims,  by  Paul  Dubois 

Vaucouleurs,  by  Emmanuel  Fremiet 

Philadelphia,  Penn.,  replica  of  that  in  Paris  by  Fremiet 

Xew  York  City,  by  Anna  Vaughn  Hyatt 

Joan  of  xircs  Name,  Home  and  Family 

The  interest  aroused  by  the  announcement  of  the  dedication  of 
the  statue  has  caused  several  inquiries  to  be  made  of  the  Com- 
mittee as  to  the  origin  of  Joan  of  Arc's  name. 

Joan  of  Arc's  father  Jacques  was  of  the  village  of  Arc  before 
he  moved  to  Domremy  where  Joan,  or  Jeanne,  was  bom,  and  he 
was  known  as  Jacques  d'Arc,  so  that  d'Arc  became  their  family 
name.  Arc  is  on  the  river  Meurthe  eight  or  ten  miles  southeast  of 
ISTancy  and  is  now  known  as  Arc-sur-Meurthe.  Joan  had  several 
nicknames.  By  the  villagers  she  was  called  Jeannette,  the  diminu- 
tive or  affectionate  term  for  Jeanne.  They  also  spoke  of  her  as 
the  bergerette,  or  little  shepherdess.  But  on  account  of  her 
prowess  at  the  siege  of  Orleans,  she  was  more  widely  known  as 
La  Pucelle  d'Orleans  (the  Maid  of  Orleans),  or  simply  as  La 
Pucelle  (the  Maid). 

Domremy,  where  she  Avas  born,  lies  in  the  Mcuse  valley  about 
40  miles  southwest  of  Xancy.  Formerly  called  Domremy-sur- 
Meuso,  it  is  now  called  Domremy-la-Pucclle  in  her  honor.  It  is 
a  hamlet  of  the  humblest  character  but  saturated  with  memories 
of  the  Maid.  A  statue  of  her  by  E.  Paul,  erected  in  L*^55,  stands 
in  front  of  the  village  church  and  above  the  i)ortal  is  a  mural 
painting  by  Baize  representing  her  listening  to  the  mysterious 
voices.  Near  the  church  is  the  cottage  in  which  she  was  born. 
In  the  garden  of  the  cottage  is  a  group  by  Mercie  representing  her 
as  she  left  her  homo  led  by  the  Genius  of  France.  Over  the  door 
are    the    royal    arms    of    France    and    those    granted    to    f Joan's 

*  Copies  of  that  at  Rheims.  It  is  difficult  to  reconcile  tlie  existence  of  these 
two  replicas.  Baedeker  is  authority  for  that  at  llio  (lunch  of  St.  Augustin 
and  a  jjliotograidi  attests  that  nt  the  Pantlu^on. 


Joan  of  Arc  Statue  53 

family.  In  a  niche  above  is  a  kneeling  figure  of  the  girl,  like  one 
inside  the  house  said  to  date  from  1456.  The  cottage  contains 
a  small  museum  of  objects  relating  to  the  heroine.  Statues  of 
Joan,  some  of  them  equestrian,  are  numerous  in  this  section  of 
France. 

As  indicated  by  the  letters  from  Mons.  Louis  d'Arc  of  Ville- 
neuve-sur-Lot,  previously  quoted,  the  descendants  of  the  d'Arc 
family  took  an  intense  interest  in  the  dedication  of  the  statue 
of  their  great-aunt  in  Xew  York.  To  those  may  be  added  one 
more  letter  to  Dr.  Kunz  from  ]Mons.  d'Arc,  which  reflects  con- 
ditions in  France  at  the  time  of  writing : 

(Translation) 

Villeneuve  sur  Lot,  Nov.  23,  1915. 

Dear  Sir: 

Your  letter  of  the  5th  inst.,  has  just  come  to  hand,  and  I  hasten 
to  answer  it.  I  had  not  failed  to  inquire  of  all  my  cousins  and 
the  members  of  my  family,  whether  some  one  of  them  would  be 
able  to  go  to  New  York  to  represent  us  at  the  inauguration  cere- 
monies of  your  beautiful  statue.  This  would  have  been  done 
gladly,  and  we  are  sorely  disappointed  at  the  thought  that  no  one 
of  us  will  be  present,  for  this  would  have  been  an  honor  for  all 
of  us  and  a  treasured  memory.  For  my  part,  I  feel  a  very  lively 
regret.  But  the  answers  I  have  received  are  all  in  the  negative : 
none  of  my  cousins  is  able  to  leave  France  at  this  moment.  Some 
are  fighting  beneath  the  flag,  others  are  anxious  regarding  the  fate 
of  their  sons  exposed  to  death,  still  others  again  are  mourning  the 
loss  of  those  dear  to  them.  The  circumstances  are  too  serious  and 
our  hearts  too  much  oppressed  for  it  to  be  possible  to  think  of 
leaving  France  at  such  a  moment.  Our  wives  and  daughters  are 
all  employed  in  the  hospitals,  they  cannot  neglect  their  national 
obligations,  even  to  be  present  at  this  family  ceremony.  Accept, 
my  dear  sir,  with  the  renewed  expression  of  my  deep  regrets,  the 
assurances  of  my  lively  gratitude  and  of  my  devoted  s}Tnpathy. 

L.  d'Akc. 

In  concluding  this  report,  we  may  quote  a  sentence  from  a 
letter  from  ^fons.  Jean  do  Beaurepaire  of  Eoucn,  to  Dr.  Kunz, 
dated  December  5,  1915,  in  which  French  faith  in  Joan  of  Arc 
is  expressed  in  these  words  : 

^'  Joan  of  Arc,  at  last  we  are  sure  of  it,  will  give  to  us  a  very 
great  victory  and  will  save  once  more  our  beloved  country." 


